Display device and electronic apparatus including pixels having relative misalignments of corresponding reflectors and color filters change with respect to center of display surface

ABSTRACT

[Object] To make it possible to improve light extraction efficiency while realizing a desired viewing angle characteristic for each pixel. 
     [Solution] Provided is a display device, including: a plurality of light emitting sections formed on a substrate; and reflectors provided above the light emitting sections with respect to the plurality of light emitting sections positioned in at least a partial region of a display surface, lower surfaces of the reflectors reflecting part of emission light from the light emitting sections. The light emitting sections and the reflectors are arranged in a state in which centers of the reflectors are shifted from centers of luminescence surfaces of the light emitting sections in a plane perpendicular to a stacking direction so that light emitted in a direction other than a desired direction among the emission light from the light emitting sections is reflected.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to a display device and an electronicapparatus.

BACKGROUND ART

In display devices, various techniques for improving light extractionefficiency have been developed for the purpose of increasing brightness.For example, a display device in which light from a plurality of lightemitting elements formed on a thin film transistor (TFT) substrate isemitted via an opposite substrate arranged on a side opposite to the TFTsubstrate, and a layer having a recursive reflection structure is formedbetween the TFT substrate and the light emitting element for each pixelis disclosed in Patent Literature 1. According to the display devicedisclosed in Patent Literature 1, light emitted from the light emittingelement toward the TFT substrate side is reflected toward the oppositesubstrate side by the recursive reflection structure, and thus it ispossible to improve the light extraction efficiency and realize highluminance.

CITATION LIST Patent Literature

Patent Literature 1: JP 2015-15114A

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION Technical Problem

Here, in the display device, there is also a demand to control a viewingangle, that is, a direction of an emitted light beam for each pixelwhile realizing high luminance. In the technique described in PatentLiterature 1, such viewing angle control is not particularly mentioned.In view of the above circumstances, there has been a demand for atechnique for improving light extraction efficiency while realizing adesired viewing angle characteristic for each pixel.

In this regard, the present disclosure proposes a display device and anelectronic apparatus which are novel and improved and capable ofimproving light extraction efficiency while realizing a desired viewingangle characteristic for each pixel.

Solution to Problem

According to the present disclosure, there is provided a display device,including: a plurality of light emitting sections formed on a substrate;and reflectors provided above the light emitting sections with respectto the plurality of light emitting sections positioned in at least apartial region of a display surface, lower surfaces of the reflectorsreflecting part of emission light from the light emitting sections. Thelight emitting sections and the reflectors are arranged in a state inwhich centers of the reflectors are shifted from centers of luminescencesurfaces of the light emitting sections in a plane perpendicular to astacking direction so that light emitted in a direction other than adesired direction among the emission light from the light emittingsections is reflected.

In addition, according to the present disclosure, there is provided anelectronic apparatus, including: a display device configured to performdisplay on a basis of an image signal. The display device includes aplurality of light emitting sections formed on a substrate, andreflectors provided above the light emitting sections with respect tothe plurality of light emitting sections positioned in at least apartial region of a display surface, lower surfaces of the reflectorsreflecting part of emission light from the light emitting sections, andthe light emitting sections and the reflectors are arranged in a statein which centers of the reflectors are shifted from centers ofluminescence surfaces of the light emitting sections in a planeperpendicular to a stacking direction so that light emitted in adirection other than a desired direction among the emission light fromthe light emitting sections is reflected.

According to the present disclosure, for each light emitting section(for example, a light emitting element in the case of an organic ELdisplay) (that is, for each pixel), the reflector is installed above thelight emitting section to reflect light emitted in a direction otherthan a desired direction among the emission light from the lightemitting section. Therefore, in the pixel including the light emittingsection, only the light from the region in which the reflector is notinstalled is emitted, that is, light is emitted only in a desireddirection. Therefore, it is possible to realize a desired viewing anglecharacteristic for each pixel. Further, the light reflected by thereflector among the emission light from the light emitting section isreflected again by the luminescence surface of the light emittingsection (or the interface between lower layers) and finally emitted fromthe region in which the reflector is not installed. Therefore, it ispossible to suppress a decrease in the light extraction efficiency. Asdescribed above, according to the present disclosure, it is possible toimprove light extraction efficiency while realizing a desired viewingangle characteristic for each pixel.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

As described above, according to the present disclosure, it is possibleto improve light extraction efficiency while realizing a desired viewingangle characteristic for each pixel. Note that the effects describedabove are not necessarily limitative. With or in the place of the aboveeffects, there may be achieved any one of the effects described in thisspecification or other effects that may be grasped from thisspecification.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of adisplay device according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example ofa display device of a facing CF scheme which is a modification exampleof the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram simulatively showing a locus of a light beam from asmall-sized display device in an electronic apparatus to an eyeball of auser in a case where an optical system is downsized.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of adisplay device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for describing distributions of amounts ofmisalignment L and misalignment directions of CFs in a display surfaceof a display device.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for describing a transition region in which theamount of misalignment L and/or the misalignment direction of the CFchanges.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example ofa display device according to a first modified example of the secondembodiment.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example ofa display device according to a second modified example of the secondembodiment.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example ofa display device of a facing CF scheme which is a third modificationexample of the second embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration exampleof a display device of a facing CF scheme which is a fourth modificationexample of the second embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration exampleof a display device of a facing CF scheme which is a fifth modificationexample of the second embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of adisplay device according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration exampleof a display device according to a first modified example of the thirdembodiment.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration exampleof a display device according to a second modified example of the thirdembodiment.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration exampleof a display device according to a third modified example of the thirdembodiment.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration exampleof a display device according to a fourth modified example of the thirdembodiment.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration exampleof a display device according to a fifth modified example of the thirdembodiment.

FIG. 18 is a diagram for describing a method for setting the amount ofmisalignment L of the CF.

FIG. 19 is a diagram for describing a method for setting the amount ofmisalignment L of the CF.

FIG. 20 is a diagram for describing a method for setting the amount ofmisalignment L of the CF.

FIG. 21 is a diagram for describing a method for setting the amount ofmisalignment L of the CF.

FIG. 22 is a diagram for describing another method for creating arelative misalignment between a light emitting element and a CF.

FIG. 23 is a diagram for describing still another method for creating arelative misalignment between a light emitting element and a CF.

FIG. 24 is a diagram for describing a method for setting the amount ofmisalignment L of the CF taking into account also a case where emissionlight from a luminescence section is incident on a side surface of theCF.

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view showing a specific configurationexample of a display device according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an external appearance of a smartphone thatis an example of an electronic apparatus in which the display devicesaccording to the embodiments and the modification examples can be used.

FIG. 27 is a diagram showing an external appearance of a digital camerathat is another example of an electronic apparatus in which the displaydevices according to the embodiments and the modification examples canbe used.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an external appearance of a digital camerathat is another example of an electronic apparatus in which the displaydevices according to the embodiments and the modification examples canbe used.

FIG. 29 is a diagram showing an external appearance of an HMD that isanother example of an electronic apparatus in which the display devicesaccording to the embodiments and the modification examples can be used.

MODE(S) FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, (a) preferred embodiment(s) of the present disclosure willbe described in detail with reference to the appended drawings. Notethat, in this specification and the appended drawings, structuralelements that have substantially the same function and structure aredenoted with the same reference numerals, and repeated explanation ofthese structural elements is omitted.

Further, the description will proceed in the following order.

-   1. First Embodiment-   1-1. Configuration of display device-   1-2. Modified example-   2. Second Embodiment-   2-1. Background to second embodiment-   2-2. Configuration of display device-   2-3. Modified examples-   2-3-1. First modified example-   2-3-2. Second modified example-   2-3-3. Third to fifth modified examples-   3. Third Embodiment-   3-1. Configuration of display device-   3-2. Modified example-   4. Amount of misalignment of CF-   5. Modified example-   5-1. Method of causing relative misalignment between light emitting    element and CF-   5-2. Other methods of setting amount of misalignment L of CF-   6. Specific configuration example of display device-   7. Application examples-   8. Supplement

Further, hereinafter, an embodiment in which a display device is organicelectro-luminescence (EL) display (OELD) will be described as an exampleof the present disclosure. However, the present disclosure is notlimited to this example, and the display device that is an object of thepresent disclosure may be various display devices as long as they aredisplay devices that can achieve color display using color filters(CFs), such as a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, and anelectronic paper device.

(1. First Embodiment)

(1-1. Configuration of Display Device)

The configuration of a display device according to a first embodiment ofthe present disclosure will now be described with reference to FIG. 1.FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of adisplay device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 1 shows aschematic partial cross-sectional view of a display device according tothe first embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 1, a display device 1 a according to the firstembodiment mainly includes a first substrate 101, a plurality of lightemitting elements 103 each of which includes an OLED formed on the firstsubstrate 101 and emits white light, and a CF layer 113 in which CFs ofsome colors are formed to correspond to the light emitting elements 103on the light emitting elements 103. Further, a second substrate 117containing a material transparent to the light from the light emittingelement 103 is placed on the CF layer 113. Although not shown, on thefirst substrate 11, thin film transistors (TFTs) for driving the lightemitting elements 103 are provided to correspond to the light emittingelements 103. An arbitrary light emitting element 103 is selectivelydriven by the TFT, then light from the driven light emitting element 103passes through the corresponding CF, and the color of the light isconverted appropriately and the converted light is emitted from theupper side via the second substrate 117; thereby, desired images,characters, etc. are displayed.

Note that, in the following description, the stacking direction of thelayers in the display device 1 a is referred to also as an up and downdirection. In this event, the side on which the first substrate 101 isplaced is defined as an up side, and the side on which the secondsubstrate 117 is placed is defined as a down side. Further, a planeperpendicular to the up and down direction is referred to also as ahorizontal plane.

Thus, the display device 1 a shown in FIG. 1 is a top emission displaydevice capable of color display that is driven by an active matrixsystem. However, the first embodiment is not limited to this example,and the display device according to the first embodiment may be adisplay device that is driven by another system such as a passive matrixsystem, or may be a bottom emission display device that emits light viathe first substrate 101.

Note that the display device 1 a may be mounted on various electronicapparatuses having a display function. Specifically, the display device1 a may be used as, for example, a monitor device that is incorporatedin a television device, an electronic book, a smartphone, a personaldigital assistant (PDA), a notebook personal computer (PC), a videocamera, a game apparatus, or the like. Alternatively, the display device1 a may be used for an EVF of a digital camera, an HMD, or the like.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, in further detail, a display device 1 a isconfigured such that a light emitting element 103, a first member 107, aprotection film 109, a planarizing film 111, and a CF layer 113 arestacked on a first substrate 101 in the described order. As describedabove, the display device 1 a is a display device of a so-called on-chipcolor filter (OCCF) scheme in which the CF layer 113 is formed over thefirst substrate 101 on which the light emitting element 103 is formed.In this configuration, a second substrate 117 is bonded to the CF layer113 of the uppermost layer with a sealing resin film 115 interposedtherebetween, so that the display device 1 a is manufactured.

Further, on the first substrate 101, a pixel defining film 105 defininga pixel region is formed between the adjacent light emitting elements103. The pixel defining film 105 is formed to have an opening exposingthe light emitting element 103 in a portion corresponding to the lightemitting element 103. The surface exposed in the opening of the lightemitting element 103 corresponds to a luminescence surface of the lightemitting element 103. Further, the first member 107 is stacked to burythe opening of the pixel defining film 105. In other words, emissionlight from the light emitting element 103 passes through the firstmember 107, the protection film 109, the planarizing film 111, the CFlayer 113, the sealing resin film 115, and the second substrate 117 andis emitted toward the outside.

The CF layer 113 is formed so that a CF of each color having apredetermined area is positioned above each light emitting element 103.In the illustrated example, the CF layer 113 is provided such that a redCF 113R, a green CF 113G and a blue CF 113B each having a prescribedarea are continuously distributed in an in-plane direction. Note that,in the following description, in a case where there is no need toparticularly distinguish the CF 113R, the CF 113G and the CF 113B, oneor a plurality of these may be written as simply a CF 113 a.

One pixel is formed by a combination of one light emitting element 103and one CF 113 a. Note that, in practice, in the display device 1 a, onepixel may include sub-pixels of four colors, namely, a pixel in whichthe CF 113R is provided (that is, a red pixel), a pixel in which the CF113G is provided (that is, a green pixel), a pixel in which the CF 113Bis provided (that is, a blue pixel), and a pixel in which the CF 113 ais not provided (that is, a white pixel). However, in the presentspecification, also a combination of one light emitting element 103 andone CF 113 a is referred to as simply a pixel, for convenience ofdescription. In FIG. 1, for the sake of description, a boundary betweenpixels is indicated by an alternate long and short dash line. Further,in the display device 1, sub-pixels of four colors may be arranged inwhat is called a delta arrangement (see also FIG. 6 described later).

In the first embodiment, as illustrated in the drawing, in each pixel, aCF 113 a corresponding to the light emitting element 103 is arrangedsuch that the center of the luminescence surface of the light emittingelement 103 in a horizontal surface substantially coincides with thecenter of the CF 113 a

Further, in the display device 1 a, a reflector 119 that reflects theemission light from the light emitting element 103 therebelow is formedabove the light emitting element 103 for each pixel. In the illustratedexample, the reflector 119 is formed below the CF layer 113,specifically in the planarizing film 111. Specifically, the displaydevice 1 a has a configuration in which, after the protection film 109is formed, the reflector 119 is formed on the protection film 109 andthe planarizing film 111 is formed thereon. Here, in the firstembodiment, the reflector 119 may be formed above the light emittingelement 103, and an arrangement position of the reflector 119 in astacking direction is not limited to this example. The arrangementposition of the reflector 119 in the stacking direction, that is, alayer in which the reflector 119 is formed may appropriately be decidedin consideration of compatibility between a material of the reflector119 and a material of each layer constituting the display device 1 a, anease of manufacturing, a function of the reflector 119 to be describedlater, or the like. Here, if the function of the reflector 119 to bedescribed later is considered, in order to more efficiently reflect theemission light from the light emitting element 103, it is preferablethat the reflector 119 is formed at a position closer to the lightemitting element 103 in the stacking direction.

A reflective surface (that is, a lower surface) of the reflector 119 hasa recursive structure and has a function of reflecting incident lighttoward an incident direction. In the first embodiment, as a recursivestructure of the reflector 119, a so-called prism type in which aplurality of corner cube prisms (CCP) are regularly arranged is used. Ina case in which the recursive structure is the prism type, for example,the reflector 119 can be formed by appropriately processing a surface ofa metallic film in a shape of a prism through a transfer technique, anetching technique or the like. Here, the first embodiment is not limitedto this example, and a so-called bead type in which a plurality of beadsare dispersedly arranged may be used as the recursive structure of thereflector 119. In a case in which the recursive structure is the prismtype, for example, the reflector 119 is formed by a method of processinga resist material in a spherical shape or a hemispherical shape througha photoresist technique or dispersedly arranging appropriate particlesin a resin film or the like. Further, the reflector 119 may be formed atthe same time in a series of processes for forming respective layers onthe first substrate 101, or the separately prepared reflector 119 may beboded onto the first substrate 101.

Here, in the first embodiment, in order to reflect light emitted in adirection other than a desired direction among the emission light fromthe light emitting element 103, the light emitting element 103 and thereflector 119 are arranged so that the center of the reflector 119deviates from the center of the luminescence surface of the lightemitting element 103 in the horizontal surface. According to thisconfiguration, light entering a region in which the reflector 119 is notformed (that is, a desired direction in which light is desired to beextracted) among the emission light from the light emitting element 103is directly emitted from the second substrate 117 to the outside withoutchange. On the other hand, light entering a region in which thereflector 119 is formed among the emission light from the light emittingelement 103 is reflected by the lower surface of the reflector 119. Inthis case, since the reflective surface of the reflector 119 has therecursive structure as described above, the light reflected by thereflector 119 heads off the light emitting element 103. Then, the lightis reflected toward the region in which the reflector 119 is not formedin the surface of the light emitting element 103 (or an interfacebetween lower layers) and is emitted to the outside from the secondsubstrate 117 without change. In FIG. 1, a locus of the light beamperforming such a behavior is simulatively indicated by a broken arrow.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, since thereflector 119 is formed in each pixel, the emission light from the pixelis emitted only from the region in which the reflector 119 is notformed. In other words, by appropriately adjusting the arrangementposition of the reflector 119 in the horizontal surface with respect tothe luminescence surface of the light emitting element 103, it ispossible to control a light emission direction from each pixel, that is,a viewing angle in each pixel. Further, at this time, since thereflective surface of the reflector 119 has the recursive structure, thelight blocked and reflected by the reflector 119 among the emissionlight from the light emitting element 103 is reflected toward thedirection of the light emitting element 103 and is emitted to theoutside from the region in which the reflector 119 is not formed.Therefore, it is possible to suppress the decrease in the lightextraction efficiency by forming the reflector 119. As described above,according to the display device 1 a of the first embodiment, it ispossible to improve the light extraction efficiency while realizing adesired viewing angle characteristic for each pixel.

In the first embodiment, the arrangement position of the reflector 119in the horizontal surface in each pixel (that is, an amount ofmisalignment and a misalignment direction of the center of the reflector119 with respect to the center of the luminescence surface of the lightemitting element 103 in the horizontal surface) may be decided inaccordance with the viewing angle required for pixel. At this time, theamount of misalignment and the misalignment direction of the center ofthe reflector 119 with respect to the center of the luminescence surfaceof the light emitting element 103 in the horizontal surface may have adistribution in the display surface. The viewing angle required for eachpixel differs depending on a use application of the display device 1 a,but it is generally considered that a pixel closer to an outer edge ofthe display surface is required to have a larger viewing angle in theouter edge direction. Therefore, preferably, the amount of misalignmentof the center of the reflector 119 with respect to the center of theluminescence surface of the light emitting element 103 in the horizontalsurface may be set to increase as it is closer to the outer edge of thedisplay surface. Further, the misalignment direction of the center ofthe reflector 119 with respect to the center of the luminescence surfaceof the light emitting element 103 in the horizontal surface can be setto be a direction opposite to a direction from the center of the displaysurface toward the pixel since it is possible to obtain the viewingangle with respect to a direction opposite to the misalignment directionin a pixel in which the misalignment.

The configuration of the display device 1 a according to the firstembodiment has been described above. Further, in the above-describedembodiment, the reflective surface of the reflector 119 has therecursive structure, but the first embodiment is not limited to thisexample. The reflective surface of the reflector 119 may be a mirror ora scatterer. In a case in which the reflective surface of the reflector119 is a mirror or a scatterer, a proportion of light returning to thelight emitting element 103 among the light reflected by the reflector119 decreases as compared with the case in which the recursive structureis used. Accordingly, the effect of improving the light extractionefficiency is reduced, but as compared to the case in which a structurewith low reflectance (for example, a light absorber or the like) is usedin place of the reflector 119, an effect in that a constant lightextraction efficiency is improved can be obtained.

Here, in this specification, partial cross-sectional views similar toFIG. 1 are schematically illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 4 and FIGS. 7 to 17to be described later, and configurations of display devices accordingto other embodiments and modified examples of respective embodimentswill be described. Here, cross-sectional structures illustrated in FIGS.1, 2, and 4 and FIGS. 7 to 17 are those which are schematicallyillustrated by simplifying an actual configuration. An example of afurther detailed structure of the display device according toembodiments and modified examples of the present disclosure will bedescribed later with reference to FIG. 25.

(1-2. Modified Example)

A modified example of the first embodiment will be described. In theabove-described embodiment, the display device 1 a is a display deviceof an OCCF scheme in which the CF layer 113 is formed over the firstsubstrate 101 on which the light emitting element 103 is formed. Here,the first embodiment is not limited to this example. The display deviceaccording to the first embodiment may be a display device of a so-calledfacing CF scheme which is manufactured by bonding a second substratewith a CF layer formed thereon to a first substrate on which a lightemitting element is formed so that the CF layer faces the light emittingelement.

A configuration of a display device of a facing CF scheme which is amodified example of the first embodiment will be described withreference to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating aconfiguration example of a display device of a facing CF scheme which isa modified example of the first embodiment. Further, a display device 1b according to the present modified example differs from the displaydevice 1 a according to the first embodiment in a configuration in whicha configuration above the protection film 109 is different due to adifference in manufacturing method and is similar in the otherconfiguration to the display device 1 a according to the firstembodiment. Therefore, in the following description of the displaydevice 1 b according to the present modified example, different portionsfrom the display device 1 a described above will be mainly described,and detailed description of portions duplicating the display device 1 awill be omitted.

Referring to FIG. 2, in the display device 1 b according to the presentmodified example, a light emitting element 103, a first member 107, anda protection film 109 are stacked on a first substrate 101 in thedescribed order. Further, a CF layer 113 and a reflector 119 are formedon a second substrate 117. Further, in the present modified example, anadhesive layer 123 for causing the CF layer 113 and the reflector 119 toadhere to each other is formed between the CF layer 113 and thereflector 119. Then, the second substrate 117 is bonded to the firstsubstrate 101 via a sealing material 121 made of, for example, epoxyresin so that each of the light emitting elements 103 faces the CF 113 aand the reflector 119 of each color, so that the display device 1 b ismanufactured.

Here, in a case in which the layer in which the reflector 119 is formed(the CF layer 113 in the case of the display device 1 b) and thereflector 119 are formed of a similar material, adhesion therebetween isconsidered to be good, and thus the adhesive layer 123 need not benecessarily formed. At this time, if the layer in which the reflector119 is formed and the process of forming the reflector 119 are similar,it is possible to consecutively form the components, and thus there areadvantages in that excellent adhesion can be obtained, and themanufacturing process can be simplified. For example, as will bedescribed below in detail (6. Specific configuration example of displaydevice), the CF layer 113 can be formed by processing a resist materialthrough a photoresist technique. Therefore, in a case in which thereflective surface of the reflector 119 is the recursive structure ofthe bead type, and the recursive structure is formed of a resistmaterial, the CF layer 113 and the reflector 119 can be formed by asimilar process using a similar material if the reflector 119 can beformed on the CF layer 113 as in the display device 1 b. Therefore, inthis case, the adhesive layer 123 need not be necessarily formed.

On the other hand, as described above, since the reflector 119 can havevarious configurations in the first embodiment, materials thereof arealso various. Therefore, in a case in which the layer in which thereflector 119 is formed and the reflector 119 are made of differentmaterials, the adhesion therebetween is unlikely to be necessarilyexcellent due to the compatibility of the materials. Therefore, in thiscase, it is preferable that the adhesive layer 123 be formed betweenboth components as in the display device 1 b. In the illustratedexample, since the adhesive layer 123 is formed, it is possible to causethe CF layer 113 and the reflector 119 to adhere to each other suitably.In other words, whether or not the adhesive layer 123 is formed betweenthe reflector 119 and the layer in which the reflector 119 is formed maybe appropriately selected in consideration of materials of bothcomponents, a forming process, and the like.

The configuration of the display device 1 b according to the presentmodified example has been described above. Similarly to the displaydevice 1 a according to the first embodiment, in the display device 1 bhaving the above-described configuration, the reflector 119 is formedfor each pixel to reflect the light emitted in the direction other thanthe desired direction among the emission light from the light emittingelement 103. Therefore, similarly to the display device 1 a, it ispossible to obtain an effect in that it is possible to improve the lightextraction efficiency while realizing a desired viewing anglecharacteristic for each pixel.

Here, in the facing CF scheme, since the display device 1 b ismanufactured by boding the second substrate 117 in which the CF layer113 is formed to the first substrate 101 in which the light emittingelement 103 is formed, there is a limit in the accuracy of alignmentwith the luminescence surface of each light emitting element 103 andeach CF in the CF layer 113. On the other hand, as in the display device1 a, in the OCCF scheme, since the CF layer 113 is formed directly abovethe first substrate in which the light emitting element 103 is formed,it is possible to perform alignment between the luminescence surface ofeach light emitting element 103 and each CF of the CF layer 113 with ahigh degree of accuracy as compared with the facing CF scheme.

Further, as described above, in the display device 1 a which is the OCCFscheme, the reflector 119 can be formed above the protection film 109,whereas in the display device 1 b which is the facing CF scheme, thereflector 119 is formed directly below the CF layer 113. Therefore, inthe case of the display device 1 a, it is possible to further reduce adistance between the light emitting element 103 and the reflector 119.Therefore, it is possible to further increase the proportion at whichthe emission light from the light emitting element 103 is reflected bythe reflector 119, further reduce a path until the emission light fromthe light emitting element 103 is reflected by the reflector 119 andreturns to the light emitting element 103, and suppress attenuation inthe emission light in the path.

On the other hand, since many organic EL displays are manufactured bythe facing CF scheme, if the reflector 119 is considered to be newlyadded without substantially changing the current process, there is apossibility that the display device 1 b which is of the facing CF schemecan be more simply implemented than the display device 1 a which is theOCCF scheme.

In the first embodiment, the configuration of either the display device1 a or the display device 1 b to be applied may be appropriately decidedin consideration of the advantages when the facing CF scheme and theOCCF scheme described above are employed, respectively.

(2. Second embodiment)

(2-1. Background to Second Embodiment)

Before a second embodiment of the present disclosure is described, thebackground that the inventors invented the second embodiment will bedescribed in order to facilitate understanding the second embodiment.

In recent years, display devices having a relatively small area displaysurface (for convenience, hereinafter referred to simply as smalldisplay devices) such as HMDs or EVFs of digital camera are increasinglymounted on electronic apparatuses. In such an electronic apparatus, alight beam from a display surface of the display device is caused toform an image on an eyeball of a user via an optical system of a lens, amirror, a diffraction grating, etc. On the other hand, these days, thedemand for further reduction in the weight and size of the electronicapparatus in order to reduce the burden on the user is great. To achievereduction in the weight and size of the electronic apparatus, also themounted optical system is required to achieve even more downsizing.

FIG. 3 is a diagram simulatively showing the locus of a light beam froma small-sized display device in an electronic apparatus to an eyeball ofa user in a case where an optical system is downsized. As shown in FIG.3, to achieve reduction in the weight and size of the electronicapparatus, it is necessary to downsize an optical system 205 and makenarrower the distance between the optical system 205 and a displaydevice 1. Further, since the optical system 205 cannot be made acomplicated configuration, it is difficult to supplement the viewingangle characteristics of the display device 1 by modifying theconfiguration of the optical system 205. Therefore, a light beam with awider angle (that is, a light beam with a wider viewing angle) among thelight beams emitted from a display surface 201 of the display device 1is guided to an eyeball 203 of a user while keeping almost the samecharacteristics as those when the light beam is emitted from the displaysurface 201 of the display device 1. For the above reasons, in a casewhere it is attempted to downsize the optical system 205 in anelectronic apparatus in which the small-sized display device 1 is used,it is required that, in order to provide high quality display to theuser, the display device 1 be able to emit a light beam having desiredcharacteristics even at a wider viewing angle, that is, have moreexcellent wide viewing angle characteristics.

Here, as the display devices 1 a and 1 b described above, a displaydevice of a system in which a pixel is formed by providing a CF on awhite light emitting element and color display is performed byperforming color conversion based on the CF on a pixel basis is commonlyknown. If it is attempted to achieve a wide viewing angle in a displaydevice of such a system, the occurrence of what is called color mixingin which light from one light emitting element is incident on the CF ofan adjacent pixel and light emission of a desired color is not obtainedis a problem.

In this regard, various methods to suppress color mixing have beenproposed until now. For example, there is known a method in which thedistance between a light emitting element and a CF (facing gap) is setsmall as compared to the pixel size. Alternatively, there is known amethod in which the area of a luminescence surface of a light emittingelement is set much smaller than the area of a CF (the area in a planeperpendicular to the stacking direction).

However, these methods have the following disadvantages. For example, ifit is attempted to obtain a structure of a narrow facing gap in a casewhere the display device is an organic EL display, it is necessary thatan electrode layer, a protection layer, and a CF bonding layer be madethin films; hence, there is a concern that the luminescencecharacteristics and the protectiveness of the OLED will be greatlyreduced. Further, reducing the area of the luminescence surface of thelight emitting element leads to reducing the aperture ratio; hence,there is a concern that the luminance will be greatly reduced.

As described hereinabove, it is desired for a small-sized displaydevice, such as one mounted on an electronic apparatus, to achieve evenmore improvement in wide viewing angle characteristics; however, inmethods for achieving a wide viewing angle while suppressing colormixing that have been commonly proposed until now, there has been aconcern that other characteristics will be reduced. In view of thecircumstances mentioned above, the present inventors conducted extensivestudies on technology for the display devices 1 a and 1 b according tothe first embodiment described above that can suppress the occurrence ofcolor mixing and can further improve wide viewing angle characteristicswithout causing reduction in other characteristics like those describedabove, such as a reduction in luminance; and consequently have conceivedthe second embodiment. In other words, in the second embodiment of thepresent disclosure, it is possible to provide a display device capableof obtaining an effect in that a wide viewing angle characteristic isfurther improved, and the occurrence of color mixing is furthersuppressed in addition to the effects obtained by the display devices 1a and 1 b according to the first embodiment described above.

(2-2. Configuration of Display Device)

A configuration of a display device according to the second embodimentof the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIG. 4.FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example ofthe display device according to the second embodiment. Further, adisplay device 1 c according to the second embodiment differs from thedisplay device 1 a according to the first embodiment described above inthat a configuration of the CF layer 113 is different and is similar inthe other configurations to the display device 1 a according to thefirst embodiment. Therefore, in the following description of the displaydevice 1 c according to the second embodiment, different portions fromthe display device 1 a described above will be mainly described, anddetailed description of portions duplicating the display device 1 a willbe omitted.

Referring to FIG. 4, the display device 1 c according to the secondembodiment is a display device of an OCCF scheme in which a lightemitting element 103, a first member 107, a protection film 109, aplanarizing film 111, and a CF layer 113 are stacked on the firstsubstrate 101 in the described order, similar to the display device 1 aaccording to the first embodiment. In this configuration, a secondsubstrate 117 is bonded to the CF layer 113 of the uppermost layer via asealing resin film 115, so that a display device 1 c is manufactured.

In the display device 1 c, a configuration of the CF layer 113 differsfrom that in the display device 1 a. Specifically, in the display device1 a, in each pixel, the CF 113 a corresponding to the light emittingelement 103 is arranged so that the center of the luminescence surfaceof the light emitting element 103 in the horizontal surfacesubstantially coincides with the center of the CF 113 a. On the otherhand, in the display device 1 c according to the present embodiment, alight emitting element 103 and the CF 113 a corresponding to the lightemitting element 103 are arranged such that the positions of the centerof the luminescence surface of the light emitting element 103 and thecenter of the CF 113 a are relatively shifted by a prescribed distance Lin the horizontal plane, in at least a partial region in the displaysurface. In the illustrated example, the center of the CF 113 acorresponding to the light emitting element 103 is placed to be shiftedrelative to the center of the luminescence surface of the light emittingelement 103 in the right direction of the drawing sheet.

Note that, in the following description, the relative misalignment inthe horizontal plane between the center of the luminescence surface of alight emitting element 103 and the center of the CF 113 a correspondingto the light emitting element 103 is referred to also as simply arelative misalignment between the light emitting element 103 and the CF113 a. Further, the amount of relative misalignment L and themisalignment direction of the CF 113 a to the center of the luminescencesurface of the light emitting element 103 in the horizontal plane in therelative misalignment between the light emitting element 103 and the CF113 a are referred to also as simply the amount of misalignment L of theCF 113 a and the misalignment direction of the CF 113 a, respectively.

In the display device 1 c, since the CF layer 113 is formed as describedabove, it is possible to obtain a wider viewing angle for each pixel.For example, a case in which green light is desired to be obtained asthe light from the pixel to which the light emitting element 103 ofinterest now belongs is considered. If the light emitted from the lightemitting element 103 in a relatively wide viewing angle direction asindicated by a solid arrow in the drawing is considered, in a case inwhich relative misalignment does not occur between the light emittingelement 103 and the CF 113 a as in the first embodiment, the lightemitted at the angle is considered to pass through a blue CF 113B of anadjacent pixel instead of a green CF 113G through which it is desired topass originally. In other words, color mixing occurs, and the desiredgreen light is unable to be obtained. On the other hand, as illustratedin FIG. 4, in the configuration according to the second embodiment, arelative position of the CF 113 a to the light emitting element 103 isshifted by the amount of misalignment L in the horizontal surface, andthus the light emitted from the light emitting element 103 at the aboveangle passes through the CF 113G and is emitted from the display device1. Therefore, the desired green light can be obtained. As describedabove, in the configuration according to the second embodiment, thegreen pixel including the light emitting element 103 of interest isregarded as having a wider viewing angle in a right direction on a pageplane which is a direction in which the CF 113G is shifted.

Thus, in the second embodiment, a relative misalignment between thelight emitting element 103 and the CF 113 a is created for a pixel, andthereby the viewing angle characteristics of the pixel in themisalignment direction of the CF 113 a can be improved.

Here, the viewing angle characteristics required of pixels vary inaccordance with the position in the display surface of the displaydevice 1 c. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the amount ofmisalignment L and the misalignment direction of the CF 113 a in eachpixel are set such that a desired viewing angle is obtained in the pixelin accordance with the position of the light emitting element 103 (thatis, the position of the pixel) in the display surface. That is, in thesecond embodiment, each of the amount of misalignment and themisalignment direction of the CF 113 a has a distribution in the displaysurface.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for describing distributions of amounts ofmisalignment L and misalignment directions of CFs 113 a in the displaysurface of the display device 1 c. Here, a case where, when mounted onan electronic apparatus, the display device 1 c is installed such thatthe display surface 201 faces the optical system 205 with a relativelynarrow distance, as shown in FIG. 3, is envisaged. In this case, asshown in FIG. 5, for emission light from a pixel placed in region 207that is substantially near the center in the display surface 201 of thedisplay device 1 c, it is sufficient that emission light in a directionsubstantially perpendicular to the luminescence surface of the lightemitting element 103 be incident on the optical system 205; hence, theemission light from a pixel placed in region 207 does not need to haveconsiderably wide viewing angle characteristics. Therefore, in a pixelplaced in region 207, the light emitting element 103 and the CF 113 aare arranged such that a relative misalignment between the lightemitting element 103 and the CF 113 a is not created (that is, theamount of misalignment L is set to L=0), like in the configurationaccording to the first embodiment.

On the other hand, for emission light from a pixel placed in region 209that is near the outer periphery in the display surface 201 of thedisplay device 1 c, it is necessary that light emitted toward the outeredge of the display surface 201 be incident on the optical system 205;hence, the emission light from a pixel placed in region 209 needs tohave wider viewing angle characteristics toward the outer edge of thedisplay surface 201 (in the illustrated example, in the right directionof the drawing sheet). Therefore, in a pixel placed in region 209, thelight emitting element 103 and the CF 113 a are arranged such that arelative misalignment between the light emitting element 103 and the CF113 a is created by a prescribed amount of misalignment L (L>0), like inthe configuration described with reference to FIG. 4. Further, in thisevent, the misalignment direction of the CF 113 a is set to a directionfrom the center of the display surface 201 to the place where the pixelis located. Thereby, in a pixel placed in region 209, wider viewingangle characteristics are obtained toward the outer edge of the displaysurface 201.

FIG. 5 shows only the configuration of pixels in region 207 that issubstantially near the center in the display surface 201 and region 209that is near the outer periphery; however, in the second embodiment,pixels are provided in a gradational manner in accordance with theposition in the display surface 201, that is, in such a manner that theamount of misalignment L of the CF 113 a becomes larger as the positionshifts from the center of the display surface 201 toward the outer edge.For example, the inside of the display surface 201 is divided into aplurality of regions, and the amount of misalignment L is set for eachregion in accordance with the position in the display surface 201 of theregion. Further, also the misalignment direction of the CF 113 a is setfor each region. Here, in the second embodiment, the misalignmentdirection of the CF 113 a is set simply to either one of the horizontaldirection and the vertical direction of the display surface 201. By thisconfiguration, the distribution of misalignment directions of CFs 113 ain the plane of the display surface 201 can be managed more easily;thus, the design is not complicated.

Note that, in the above example, an arrangement of the display device 1c and the optical system 205 like that shown in FIG. 3 is envisaged, andhence pixels are provided such that the amount of misalignment L of theCF 113 a becomes larger as the position shifts from the center of thedisplay surface 201 toward the outer edge; but the second embodiment isnot limited to this example. The way of division of regions, and theamount of misalignment L and the misalignment direction of the CF 113 ain each region (that is, the distributions of amounts of misalignment Land misalignment directions of CFs 113 a in pixels in accordance withthe position in the display surface 201) may be set such that a desiredviewing angle is obtained for each pixel in the display surface 201, inaccordance with the positional relationship between the display device 1c and the optical system 205 in the electronic apparatus, asappropriate. Specifically, the misalignment direction of the CF 113 amay be set to a direction in which a viewing angle is intended to beobtained in the horizontal plane (that is, the inclination directionfrom the direction perpendicular to the luminescence surface to thedirection of a desired viewing angle). A specific method for setting theamount of misalignment L of the CF 113 a is described in detail later in(4. With regard to amount of misalignment of CF) below.

In order for the amount of misalignment L and/or the misalignmentdirection of the CF 113 a to be changed between regions, a transitionregion in which the amount of misalignment L and/or the misalignmentdirection of the CF 113 a changes may be provided between regions. FIG.6 is a diagram for describing a transition region in which the amount ofmisalignment L and/or the misalignment direction of the CF 113 achanges. FIG. 6 schematically shows the configuration of, in the displaydevice 1 c, near the boundary between two regions between which theamount of misalignment L of the CF 113 a is different. FIG. 6 is a topview, and an arrangement of the CF 113 a and an arrangement of the lightemitting element 103 and the reflector 119 are schematically indicatedby broken lines. Further, in FIG. 6, a prism type having athree-dimensional prism shape of a right triangular pyramid isillustrated as an example of the reflector 119.

In FIG. 6, region 303 in which the amount of misalignment L of the CF113 a is 0, region 305 in which the amount of misalignment L of the CF113 a adjacent to region 303 is not zero but a predetermined nonzerovalue, and transition region 301 formed between regions 303 and 305 areillustrated as examples. As illustrated in the drawing, transitionregion 301 is formed as a region in which the CF 113 a is not formed inthe CF layer 113. Accordingly, in region 305, the center of the CF 113 ais arranged to be shifted from the center of the luminescence surface ofthe light emitting element 103 in the horizontal surface by the amountof misalignment L>0 in the direction in which an interval is formedbetween the CFs 113 a in the CF layer 113. Similar transition region 301is formed between other regions (not illustrated), and thus it ispossible to change the amount of misalignment L and/or the misalignmentdirection for each region.

Note that, in the above example, the inside of the display surface 201is divided into a plurality of regions, and the amount of misalignment Land the misalignment direction are set for each region in accordancewith the position in the display surface 201 of the region; however, thesecond embodiment is not limited to this example. For example, theamount of misalignment L and the misalignment direction may be set noton a region basis but on a pixel basis, and the amount of misalignment Land the misalignment direction may be changed in a continuous mannerbetween pixels in accordance with the position in the display surface201 of the pixel. Also in this case, the amount of misalignment L andthe misalignment direction of the CF 113 a in each pixel may be set inaccordance with the positional relationship between the display device 1c and the optical system 205 in the electronic apparatus in such amanner that a desired viewing angle is obtained for each pixel in thedisplay surface 201, as appropriate.

Here, in a case in which relative misalignment is caused between thelight emitting element 103 and the CF 113 a for a certain pixel, it isconcerned that in the pixel, the CF 113 a of an adjacent pixel differentfrom a desired color exists immediately above the light emitting element103 in a direction (the left direction on the paper plane in the exampleillustrated in FIG. 4) opposite to the misalignment direction of the CF113 a, and thus the light emitted in the front direction does not passthrough the CF 113 a of the desired color, and the color mixing islikely to occur more easily. In this regard, in the second embodiment,the misalignment direction of the center of the reflector 119 withrespect to the center of the luminescence surface of the light emittingelement 103 in the horizontal surface is set to the direction oppositeto the misalignment direction of the CF 113 a. In other words, thereflector 119 is arranged on a side opposite to the direction in whichthe CF 113 a is shifted with respect to the luminescence surface of thelight emitting element 103 in the horizontal surface. Accordingly, thelight emitted from the light emitting element 103 in a directionopposite to the direction in which the viewing angle is desired to beobtained is reflected by the reflector 119 and directed toward theluminescence surface of the light emitting element 103. Then, the lightis reflected again in the direction in which the reflector 119 is notformed in the luminescence surface (or the interface between the lowerlayers), that is, the direction in which a desired viewing angle isdesired to be obtained which is the misalignment direction of the CF 113a and is emitted from the second substrate 117 to the outside as lightof a desired color with a desired viewing angle. In FIG. 4, a locus ofthe light beam performing such a behavior is simulatively indicated by abroken line arrow.

Specifically, an installation position of the reflector 119 in anin-plane direction within a pixel is set, for example, so that an end ona side far from the center of the light emitting element 103corresponding to itself (an end in the left direction on the paper planein FIG. 4) is positioned between an end of the light emitting element103 corresponding to itself (a position indicated by a dotted line X inFIG. 4) and the center of a region between adjacent pixels (a positionindicated by an alternate long and short dash line Y in FIG. 4). This isone in which the fact that the emission light from the light emittingelement 103 in the adjacent pixel is not reflected by the reflector 119is considered. Further, the installation position of the reflector 119in the in-plane direction within the pixel is set, for example, so thatan end on a side closer to the center of the light emitting element 103corresponding to itself (an end in the right direction on the page planein FIG. 4) does not enter its own pixel side further than the boundarywith the CF 113 a of the adjacent pixel (a position indicated by adotted line Z in FIG. 4). This is one in which the fact that theemission light directed directly toward the CF 113 a corresponding tothe light emitting element 103 from the light emitting element 103 isnot reflected by the reflector 119 formed corresponding to itself isconsidered. Since the reflector 119 is installed as described above, itis possible to suitably reflect the emission light from the lightemitting element 103 corresponding to the light emitting element 103without leaking to the adjacent pixel without disturbing the emissionlight directly from the light emitting element 103 of an adjacent pixelcorresponding to itself or the emission light directed directly towardthe CF 113 a corresponding to itself from the light emitting element 103corresponding to itself (that is, without degrading the light extractionefficiency more than necessary).

Further, in order to effectively cause the function of the reflector 119to be fulfilled, in the second embodiment, it is preferable that thelight emitting element 103, the CF 113 a, and the reflector 119 arearranged so that the distribution of the amount of misalignment of thecenter of the reflector 119 in the display surface with respect to thecenter of the luminescence surface of the light emitting element 103 inthe horizontal surface is proportional to the distribution of the amountof misalignment of the CF 113 a in the display surface, and thedistribution of the misalignment direction of the center of thereflector 119 in the display surface with respect to the center of theluminescence surface of the light emitting element 103 in the horizontalsurface is a direction opposite to the distribution of the misalignmentdirection of the CF 113 a in the display surface.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, by causing therelative misalignment to occur between the light emitting element 103and the CF 113 a, it is possible to obtain a wide viewing anglecharacteristic while suppressing the occurrence of the color mixing foreach pixel. Further, since the reflector 119 is installed, the lightwhich is emitted from the light emitting element 103 in a directionopposite to the direction in which the viewing angle is desired to beobtained can be guided toward the direction in which the viewing angleis desired to be obtained, it is possible to improve the lightextraction efficiency of a desired color while suppressing theoccurrence of the color mixing. In other words, according to the secondembodiment, since the relative misalignment is caused between the lightemitting element 103 and the CF 113 a for each pixel, and the reflector119 is formed for each pixel as well, it is possible to obtain a widerviewing angle characteristic in a desired direction, suppress theoccurrence of the color mixture, and improve the light extractionefficiency.

Further, in the second embodiment, since an improvement in viewing anglecharacteristics can be achieved by a relative misalignment between thelight emitting element 103 and the CF 113 a, there is no need to employconfigurations that have been proposed until now for an improvement inviewing angle characteristics, such as those described in (2-1.Background with which second embodiment is conceived) above (forexample, the narrowing of the facing gap and the downsizing of the areaof the luminescence surface). Hence, the viewing angle characteristicscan be improved without reducing the luminescence characteristics or theprotectiveness of the light emitting element 103 (OLED), or causing areduction in luminance.

Further, a relative misalignment between the light emitting element 103and the CF 113 a can be obtained by merely changing the configuration ofCFs 113 a during the formation of the CF layer 113, and therefore thedisplay device 1 c according to the second embodiment can be fabricatedeasily without increasing the number of manufacturing steps. Thus,desired effects can be obtained without increasing the production cost.

Further, in general, in a case where color shifting or color mixing hasoccurred, color correction processing may be performed by a drivingcircuit. According to the second embodiment, such color correctionprocessing does not need to be performed because the occurrence of colorshifting and color mixing can be suppressed favorably while the viewingangle characteristics are improved. Therefore, a driving circuit can beobtained more simply, and thus the circuit scale of the driving circuitcan be made smaller.

Note that, although in the second embodiment described hereinabove themisalignment direction of the CF 113 a is set to only either one of thehorizontal direction and the vertical direction of the display surface201, the second embodiment is not limited to this example. For example,the misalignment direction of the CF 113 a may be a two-dimensionalarbitrary direction in the horizontal plane. By this configuration, themisalignment direction of the CF 113 a can be set more finely for eachpixel, and thus the adjustment of the viewing angle on a pixel basis canbe performed more strictly.

The configuration of the display device 1 c according to the secondembodiment has been described above.

(2-3. Modified Examples)

Several modified examples of the second embodiment will be described.

(2-3-1. First Modified Example)

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example ofa display device according to a first modified example of the secondembodiment. Referring to FIG. 7, a display device 1 d according to thefirst modified example differs from the display device 1 c according tothe second embodiment in that an adhesive layer 123 is formed betweenthe protection film 109 and the reflector 119. Further, the displaydevice 1 d according to the first modified example has a configurationsimilar to that of the display device 1 c except that the adhesive layer123 is formed between the protection film 109 and the reflector 119.Therefore, in the description of the display device 1 d, detaileddescription of portions duplicating the display device 1 c will beomitted.

In the above-described embodiment, the display device 1 c includes thereflector 119 formed on the protection film 109, similarly to thedisplay device 1 a according to the first embodiment. Here, depending ona material of the protection film 109 and a material of the reflector119, it is concerned that adhesion between the protection film 109 andthe reflector 119 may decrease. Therefore, in the second embodiment,when the reflector 119 is formed on the protection film 109 as in thefirst modified example, the adhesive layer 123 may be formed between theprotection film 109 and the reflector 119. Since the adhesive layer 123is formed, it is possible to connect the protection film 109 and thereflector 119 more suitably, and thus a more stable display device 1 dcan be obtained.

(2-3-2. Second Modified Example)

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example ofa display device according to a second modified example of the secondembodiment. Referring to FIG. 8, a display device 1 e according to thesecond modified example differs from the display device 1 c according tothe second embodiment described above in that an arrangement position ofthe reflector 119 in the stacking direction is different. Further, thedisplay device 1 e according to the second modified example has aconfiguration similar to that of the display device 1 c except that thearrangement position of the reflector 119 in the stacking direction isdifferent. Therefore, in the description of the display device 1 e,detailed description of portions duplicating the display device 1 c willbe omitted.

Specifically, in the display device 1 e, a reflector 119 is formed onthe CF layer 113 after the CF layer 113 is formed. At this time, in thepresent modified example, the adhesive layer 123 is formed between theCF layer 113 and the reflector 119. Since the adhesive layer 123, it ispossible to cause the CF layer 113 and the reflector 119 to adhere toeach other more suitably, and thus a more stable display device 1 e canbe obtained. Here, in a case in which it is possible to cause the CFlayer 113 and the reflector 119 to adhere to each other more suitablydue to compatibility of the material of the CF layer 113 and thematerial of the reflector 119 or a case in which the CF layer 113 andthe reflector 119 can be consecutively formed by a similar process usinga similar process, the adhesive layer 123 need not be necessarilyformed.

The second substrate 117 is bonded to the first substrate 101 in thestate in which the reflector 119 is formed on the CF layer 113 via thesealing resin film 115, so that the display device 1 e is manufactured.

Similarly to the second modified example, in the second embodiment, thearrangement position of the reflector 119 in the stacking direction isnot limited. The reflector 119 may be formed above the light emittingelement 103 or may be formed at an arbitrary position in the stackingdirection.

(2-3-3. Third to Fifth Modified Examples)

The display devices 1 c, 1 d, and 1 e according the second embodimentdescribed above and the first and second modified examples are thedisplay devices of the OCCF scheme. Here, the second embodiment is notlimited to this example, and the display device according to the secondembodiment may be a display device of a facing CF scheme.

Configurations of display devices of facing CF scheme which are third tofifth modified examples of the second embodiment will be described withreference to FIGS. 9 to 11. FIGS. 9 to 11 are cross-sectional viewsillustrating configuration examples of display devices of the facing CFscheme which are the third to fifth modified example of the secondembodiment.

First, referring to FIG. 9, the configuration of the display device inaccordance with the third modified example will be described. Here, adisplay device 1 f according to the third modified example differs fromthe display device 1 c according to the second embodiment illustrated inFIG. 4 in that a configuration above the protection film 109 isdifferent due to the difference in the manufacturing method and issimilar in the other configuration to the display device 1 c accordingto the second embodiment. Therefore, in the description of the displaydevice 1 f according to the third modified example, different portionsfrom the display device 1 c described above will be mainly described,and detailed description of portions duplicating the display device 1 cwill be omitted.

Referring to FIG. 9, in the display device 1 f according to the thirdmodified example, a light emitting element 103, a first member 107, anda protection film 109 are stacked on the first substrate 101 in thedescribed order. Further, a CF layer 113 and a reflector 119 are formedon a second substrate 117. At this time, for example, the reflector 119can be consecutively formed by a similar photolithography techniqueusing a similar resist material to the CF layer 113. Further, the secondsubstrate 117 is bonded to the first substrate 101 via a sealingmaterial 121 so that each of the light emitting elements 103 faces theCF 113 a and the reflector 119 of each color, so that the display device1 f is manufactured.

Next, a configuration of a display device according to the fourthmodified example will be described with reference to FIG. 10. Referringto FIG. 10, a display device 1 g according to the fourth modifiedexample differs from the display device 1 f according to the thirdmodified example illustrated in FIG. 9 in that an adhesive layer 123 isformed between the protection film 109 and the reflector 119. Further,the display device 1 d according to the fourth modified example has aconfiguration similar to that of the display device 1 f except that theadhesive layer 123 is formed between the protection film 109 and thereflector 119. Therefore, in the description of the display device 1 g,detailed description of portions duplicating the display device 1 f willbe omitted.

Since the adhesive layer 123 is formed, it is possible to cause the CFlayer 113 and the reflector 119 to adhere to each other excellently, andthe stability of the display device 1 g can be enhanced. In a case inwhich the reflector 119 is formed of a material different from amaterial of the CF layer 113 and/or by a different process after the CFlayer 113 is formed, adhesion between the reflector 119 and the CF layer113 may not be necessarily be excellent, and thus it is preferable toform the adhesive layer 123.

Next, a configuration of a display device according to the fifthmodified example will be described with reference to FIG. 11. Referringto FIG. 11, a display device 1 h according to the fifth modified examplediffers from the display device 1 f according to the third modifiedexample in that an arrangement position of the reflector 119 in thestacking direction is different. Further, the display device 1 haccording to the fifth modified example has a configuration similar tothat of the display device 1 f except that the arrangement position ofthe reflector 119 in the stacking direction is different. Therefore, inthe description of the display device 1 h, detailed description ofportions duplicating with display device 1 f will be omitted.

Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 11, in the display device 1 h, areflector 119 is formed immediately above the CF layer 113. Morespecifically, in the display device 1 h, the reflector 119 is formed onthe second substrate 117, a planarizing film 125 is formed thereon, andthen the CF layer 113 is formed. Further, the second substrate 117 isbonded to the first substrate 101 in which the light emitting element103, the first member 107, and the protection film 109 are stacked inthe described order such that each of the light emitting elements 103faces the CF 113 a and the reflector 119 of each color, so that thedisplay device 1 h is manufactured.

The configurations of the display devices 1 d, 1 e, 1 f, 1 g, and 1 haccording to the first to fifth modified examples of the secondembodiment has been described above. The display devices 1 d, 1 e, 1 f,1 g, and 1 h having the above-described configurations have both theconfiguration in which there is relative misalignment between the lightemitting element 103 and the CF 113 a for each pixel, similarly to thedisplay device 1 c according to the second embodiment and theconfiguration in which the reflector 119 is formed for each pixel.Therefore, similarly to the display device 1 c, it is possible to obtaina wide viewing angle characteristic in a desired direction for eachpixel, suppress the occurrence of the color mixing, and improve thelight extraction efficiency

(3. Third Embodiment)

(3-1. Configuration of Display Device)

A configuration of a display device according to a third embodiment ofthe present disclosure will be described with reference to FIG. 12. FIG.12 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of thedisplay device according to the third embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 12, a display device 1 i according to the thirdembodiment differs from the display device 1 c according to the secondembodiment illustrated in FIG. 4 described above in that a shape of apixel defining film 105 a is different. Specifically, in the displaydevice 1 i, the pixel defining film 105 a is formed to have a relativelylarge film thickness. Further, a side wall of the opening formedcorresponding to the light emitting element 103 of the pixel definingfilm 105 a has a tapered shape in which an area of the opening in thehorizontal surface increases as it goes upward.

The display device 1 i has a configuration similar to that of thedisplay device 1 c described above except that the shape of the pixeldefining film 105 a is different. Therefore, in the followingdescription of the display device 1 i, portions different from thedisplay device 1 c will be mainly described, and detailed description ofportions duplicating the display device 1 c will be omitted.

Specifically, similarly to the display device 1 c, in the display device1 i, a first member 107 is formed to bury the opening (that is, a regionimmediately above the light emitting element 103) formed in the pixeldefining film 105 a. Thereafter, a protection film 109 is formed, and areflector 119 is formed on the protection film 109. Then, a planarizingfilm 111 and a CF layer 113 are formed thereon. A second substrate 117is bonded to the CF layer 113 of the uppermost layer via a sealing resinfilm 115 in the first substrate 101 on which the respective layers areformed, so that the display device 1 a is manufactured. As describedabove, the display device 1 i is a display device of the OCCF scheme.

Here, in the display device 1 i, a material of the pixel defining film105 a and a material of the first member 107 are selected so that arefractive index of the first member 107 is larger than a refractiveindex of the pixel defining film 105 a. Accordingly, at least part oflight propagated through the first member 107 is reflected on thesurface of the pixel defining film 105 a facing the first member 107. Inother words, the surface of the pixel defining film 105 a facing thefirst member 107 functions as a light reflecting section (reflector).

At this time, as described above, the side wall of the opening formedabove the light emitting element 103 of the pixel defining film 105 ahas a tapered shape in which the area of the opening gradually increasesas it goes upward, and thus the light directed toward the side wall ofthe opening of the pixel defining film 105 a among the emission lightfrom the light emitting element 103 is reflected upward, passes throughthe desired CF 113 a, and is emitted to the outside from the secondsubstrate 117. In FIG. 12, a locus of such a light beam is simulativelyindicated by an arrow of an alternate long and two short dashes line. Asdescribed above, according to the third embodiment, it is possible tofurther improve the light extraction efficiency since the reflector isformed.

Further, in the display device 1 i, the relative misalignment is causedbetween the light emitting element 103 and the CF 113 a for each pixelsimilarly to the second embodiment, and the reflector 119 is formedabove the light emitting element 103 at a position corresponding to adirection opposite to the misalignment direction of the CF 113 a withrespect to the luminescence surface of the light emitting element 103 inthe horizontal surface. Accordingly, the light directed toward the sidewall of the opening of the pixel defining film 105 a in the direction inwhich the reflector 119 is formed (that is, the direction opposite tothe misalignment direction of the CF 113 a) among the emission lightfrom the light emitting element 103 is reflected upward and is reflectedby the lower surface of the reflector 119. Therefore, the incidence oflight onto the CF 113 a of an adjacent pixel different from a desiredcolor, that is, the occurrence of the color mixing is prevented.Further, since the reflector 119 has the recursive structure, the lightreflected by the lower surface of the reflector 119 advances toward theluminescence surface of the light emitting element 103 via the side wallof the opening of the pixel defining film 105 a, is reflected again bythe luminescence surface (the interface between the lower layers),reflected again toward the direction in which the reflector 119 is notformed, that is, the direction in which a desired viewing angle isdesired to be obtained which is the misalignment direction of the CF 113a, and emitted to the outside from the second substrate 117 as light ofa desired color with a desired viewing angle. In FIG. 12, a locus of alight beam performing such a behavior is simulatively indicated by abroken arrow.

The configuration of the display device 1 i according to the thirdembodiment has been described above. As described above, according tothe third embodiment, the reflector that reflects the emission lightfrom the light emitting element 103 upward is added to the configurationof the display device 1 c according to the second embodiment. Therefore,according to the third embodiment, in addition to the effect obtained bythe second embodiment, it is also possible to obtain the effect offurther improving the light extraction efficiency.

(3-2. Modified Examples)

Several modified examples of the third embodiment will be described.Here, display devices 1 j, 1 k, 1 l, 1 m, and 1 n according to first tofifth modified examples of the third embodiment which will be describedbelow have configurations in which the reflector is added to theconfigurations of the display device 1 d, 1 e, 1 f, 1 g, and 1 haccording to the first to fifth modified examples of the secondembodiment, respectively. Since the display devices 1 j, 1 k, 1 l, 1 m,and 1 n have configurations similar to the display devices 1 d, 1 e, 1f, 1 g, and 1 h except that the reflector is added, in the followingdescription of the display devices 1 j, 1 k, 1 l, 1 m, and 1 n, detaileddescription of the configurations will be omitted.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration exampleof the display device according to the first modified example of thethird embodiment. Referring to FIG. 13, the display device 1 j accordingto the first modified example has a configuration in which the reflectoris added to the configuration of the display device 1 d according to thefirst modified example of the second embodiment. At the same time, inthe display device 1 j, in addition to the configuration of the displaydevice 1 i according to the third embodiment described above, anadhesive layer 123 is formed between the protection film 109 and thereflector 119.

In the above-described embodiment, the display device 1 i has aconfiguration in which the reflector 119 is formed on the protectionfilm 109 similarly to the display device 1 c according to the secondembodiment. Here, depending on a material of the protection film 109 anda material of the reflector 119, it is concerned that the adhesionbetween the protection film 109 and the reflector 119 may decrease.Therefore, in the third embodiment, when the reflector 119 is formed onthe protection film 109 as in the first modified example, the adhesivelayer 123 may be formed between the protection film 109 and thereflector 119. Since the adhesive layer 123 is formed, it is possible toconnect the protection film 109 and the reflector 119 more suitably, andthus a more stable display device 1 j can be obtained.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration exampleof the display device according to the second modified example of thethird embodiment. Referring to FIG. 14, the display device 1 k accordingto the second modified example has a configuration in which thereflector is added to the configuration of the display device 1 eaccording to the second modified example of the second embodiment. Atthe same time, in the display device 1 k, in addition to theconfiguration of the display device 1 i in accordance with the abovethird embodiment, the reflector 119 is formed above the CF layer 113. Asin the second modified example, in the third embodiment, the arrangementposition of the reflector 119 in the stacking direction is not limited,and the reflector 119 may be formed at an arbitrary position in thestacking direction as long as the reflector 119 is formed above thelight emitting element 103.

FIGS. 15 to 17 are cross-sectional views illustrating configurationexamples of display devices according to third to the fifth modifiedexamples of the third embodiment, respectively. Referring to FIGS. 15 to17, the display devices 1 l, 1 m, and 1 n according to the third tofifth modified examples have configurations in which the reflector isadded to the configurations of the display devices 1 f, 1 g, and 1 haccording to the third to fifth modified examples of the secondembodiment.

Here, the display devices 1 i, 1 j, and 1 k according to the thirdembodiment and the first and second modified examples thereof are thedisplay devices of the OCCF scheme. On the other hand, the displaydevices II, 1 m, and 1 n according to the third to fifth modifiedexamples illustrated in FIGS. 15 to 17 are the display devices of thefacing CF scheme. As described above, the display device according tothe third embodiment may be a display device of any of the OCCF schemeand the facing CF scheme.

(4. With Regard to Amount of Misalignment of CF)

As described above, in the second and third embodiments, theconfiguration in which the center of the luminescence surface of thelight emitting element 103 in the horizontal surface and the center ofthe CF 113 a are shifted from each other by a predetermined amount ofmisalignment L is provided. Here, a method for setting the amount ofmisalignment L will be described. In the second and third embodiments,the amount of misalignment L of the CF 113 a in a pixel is set inaccordance with the viewing angle required of the pixel. In thefollowing, with a focus on one pixel, a method for setting the amount ofmisalignment L of the CF 113 a in the pixel in a case where the viewingangle required of the pixel is θ₀ is described with reference to FIG. 18to FIG. 21. FIG. 18 to FIG. 21 are diagrams for describing a method forsetting the amount of misalignment L of the CF 113 a. Each of FIG. 18 toFIG. 21 simulatively shows the luminescence section 127 of one lightemitting element 103, one CF 113 a provided to correspond to the lightemitting element 103 (in the illustrated example, a CF 113R), and thedisplay surface 201 of the display device according to the second andthird embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 18 to FIG. 21, a case where the viewing angle of thefocused-on pixel is θ₀ means a case where, when emission light from theluminescence section 127 passes through the CF 113R and other mediumlayers (the first member 107, the protection film 109, the planarizingfilm 111, etc. described with reference to FIG. 4 or the like) and isemitted from the display surface 201, light is emitted in a direction atan angle of θ₀ from the direction perpendicular to the display surface201. Here, it is assumed that the medium layers other than the CF 113Rcontain a uniform material, for the sake of simplicity; if therefractive index of this material is denoted by n₁, the refractive indexof the CF 113R is denoted by n₂, and the refractive index of an airlayer on the outside of the display surface 201 is denoted by no, theemission angle θ₁ of emission light from the luminescence section 127(the angle of emission light with respect to the direction perpendicularto the luminescence surface of the luminescence section 127) whenemission light from the display surface 201 has an angle of θ₀ can beexpressed by Mathematical Formula (1) below from the law of refraction.

$\begin{matrix}\left\lbrack {{Math}.\mspace{14mu} 1} \right\rbrack & \; \\{\theta_{1} = {\arcsin\left( \frac{n_{0}{\sin\left( \theta_{0} \right)}}{n_{1}} \right)}} & (1)\end{matrix}$

In other words, if light emitted from the luminescence section 127 at anemission angle of θ₁ passes through the CF 113R and the other mediumlayers and travels, light with a viewing angle of θ₀ is emitted from thedisplay surface 101. Therefore, the amount of misalignment L of the CF113R for obtaining light with a viewing angle of θ₀ on the displaysurface 101 may be set as a such a value that light emitted from theluminescence section 127 at an emission angle of θ₁ passes through theCF 113R and the other medium layers. Here, medium layers such as thefirst member 107 and the protection film 109 exist immediately above theluminescence section 127 in the display device according to the secondand third embodiments as described with reference to FIG. 4, andemission light from the luminescence section 127 necessarily passesthrough these medium layers because of the structure; hence, there is noneed to consider conditions for emission light from the luminescencesection 127 to pass through these medium layers. Therefore, in the end,the amount of misalignment L of the CF 113R for obtaining light with aviewing angle of θ₀ on the display surface 201 may be set as such avalue that emission light with an emission angle of θ₁ from theluminescence section 127 passes through the CF 113R. Thus, in the secondand third embodiments, the amount of misalignment L of the CF 113R isset as such a value that emission light with an emission angle of θ₁from the luminescence section 127 is incident on the lower surface ofthe CF 113R.

First, it is assumed that light is emitted from one point of the centerof the luminescence surface of the luminescence section 127, for thesake of simplicity; and the range of the amount of misalignment L of theCF 113R in this case is set. In this event, the case where the value ofthe amount of misalignment L of the CF 113R is largest is a case whereemission light from the center of the luminescence surface of theluminescence section 127 is incident on an end of the lower surface ofthe CF 113R on a side near to the luminescence section 127. FIG. 18shows the positional relationship between the luminescence section 127and the CF 113R and the locus of a light beam in such a case whereemission light from the center of the luminescence surface of theluminescence section 127 is incident on an end of the lower surface ofthe CF 113R on a side near to the luminescence section 127 (in theillustrated example, the left end). When the luminescence section 127and the CF 113R are in the positional relationship shown in FIG. 18, theamount of misalignment L of the CF 113R can be expressed by MathematicalFormula (2) below from geometric consideration.

$\begin{matrix}\left\lbrack {{Math}.\mspace{14mu} 2} \right\rbrack & \; \\{L = {{d + \frac{w_{2}}{2}} = {{g_{1}{\tan\left( \theta_{1} \right)}} + \frac{w_{2}}{2}}}} & (2)\end{matrix}$

Here, the width of the CF 113R is denoted by w₂, the distance in thestacking direction from the surface of the luminescence section 127 tothe lower surface of the CF 113R is denoted by g₁, and the distance inthe horizontal plane from the luminescence position in the luminescencesection 127 to the position where emission light is incident on the CF113R is denoted by d.

On the other hand, in a case where it is assumed that light is emittedfrom one point of the center of the luminescence surface of theluminescence section 127, the case where the value of the amount ofmisalignment L of the CF 113R is smallest is a case where emission lightfrom the center of the luminescence surface of the luminescence section127 is incident on an end of the lower surface of the CF 113R on a sidefar from the luminescence section 127. FIG. 19 shows the positionalrelationship between the luminescence section 127 and the CF 113R andthe locus of a light beam in such a case where emission light from thecenter of the luminescence surface of the luminescence section 127 isincident on an end of the lower surface of the CF 113R on a side farfrom the luminescence section 127 (in the illustrated example, the rightend). When the luminescence section 127 and the CF 113R are in thepositional relationship shown in FIG. 19, the amount of misalignment Lof the CF 113R can be expressed by Mathematical Formula (3) below fromgeometric consideration.

$\begin{matrix}\left\lbrack {{Math}.\mspace{14mu} 3} \right\rbrack & \; \\{L = {{d - \frac{w_{2}}{2}} = {{g_{1}{\tan\left( \theta_{1} \right)}} - \frac{w_{2}}{2}}}} & (3)\end{matrix}$

From the above consideration, in a case where it is assumed that lightis emitted from one point of the center of the luminescence surface ofthe luminescence section 127, if the amount of misalignment L of the CF113R is set so as to satisfy Mathematical Formula (4) below, a viewingangle of θ₀ can be obtained for emission light from the display surface201.

$\begin{matrix}\left\lbrack {{Math}.\mspace{14mu} 4} \right\rbrack & \; \\{{{g_{1}{\tan\left( \theta_{1} \right)}} - \frac{w_{2}}{2}} \leq L \leq {{g_{1}{\tan\left( \theta_{1} \right)}} + \frac{w_{2}}{2}}} & (4)\end{matrix}$

However, in practice, light may be emitted from the luminescence section127 also from areas other than the center of the luminescence surface ofthe luminescence section 127. Thus, next, the range of the amount ofmisalignment L of the CF 113R is set more finely by further taking intoaccount luminescence positions in the luminescence surface of theluminescence section 127. In a case where luminescence positions in theluminescence surface of the luminescence section 127 are taken intoaccount, the case where the value of the amount of misalignment L of theCF 113R is largest is a case where emission light from a luminescenceposition of the luminescence surface of the luminescence section 127nearest to the CF 113R is incident on the lower surface of the CF 113R.FIG. 20 shows the positional relationship between the luminescencesection 127 and the CF 113R and the locus of a light beam in such a casewhere emission light from a luminescence position of the luminescencesurface of the luminescence section 127 nearest to the CF 113R (in theillustrated example, the right end) is incident on the lower surface ofthe CF 113R. Note that FIG. 20 shows, as an example, the positionalrelationship between the luminescence section 127 and the CF 113R andthe locus of a light beam in a case where emission light from theluminescence section 127 is incident on an end of the lower surface ofthe CF 113R on a side near to the luminescence section 127 (in theillustrated example, the left end), like in the case shown in FIG. 8.When the luminescence section 127 and the CF 113R are in the positionalrelationship shown in FIG. 20, the amount of misalignment L of the CF113R can be expressed by Mathematical Formula (5) below from geometricconsideration. Here, the width of the luminescence section 127 isdenoted by w₁.

$\begin{matrix}\left\lbrack {{Math}.\mspace{14mu} 5} \right\rbrack & \; \\{L = {{d + \frac{w_{2}}{2} + \frac{w_{1}}{2}} = {{g_{1}{\tan\left( \theta_{1} \right)}} + \frac{w_{2}}{2} + \frac{w_{1}}{2}}}} & (5)\end{matrix}$

On the other hand, in a case where luminescence positions in theluminescence surface of the luminescence section 127 are taken intoaccount, the case where the value of the amount of misalignment L of theCF 113R is smallest is a case where emission light from a luminescenceposition of the luminescence surface of the luminescence section 127farthest from the CF 113R is incident on the lower surface of the CF113R. FIG. 21 shows the positional relationship between the luminescencesection 127 and the CF 113R and the locus of a light beam in such a casewhere emission light from a luminescence position of the luminescencesurface of the luminescence section 127 farthest from the CF 113R (inthe illustrated example, the left end) is incident on the lower surfaceof the CF 113R. Note that FIG. 21 shows, as an example, the positionalrelationship between the luminescence section 127 and the CF 113R andthe locus of a light beam in a case where emission light from theluminescence section 127 is incident on an end of the lower surface ofthe CF 113R on a side near to the luminescence section 127 (in theillustrated example, the left end), like in the case shown in FIG. 18.When the luminescence section 127 and the CF 113R are in the positionalrelationship shown in FIG. 21, the amount of misalignment L of the CF113R can be expressed by Mathematical Formula (6) below from geometricconsideration.

$\begin{matrix}\left\lbrack {{Math}.\mspace{14mu} 6} \right\rbrack & \; \\{L = {{d + \frac{w_{2}}{2} - \frac{w_{1}}{2}} = {{g_{1}{\tan\left( \theta_{1} \right)}} + \frac{w_{2}}{2} - \frac{w_{1}}{2}}}} & (6)\end{matrix}$

In FIG. 20 and FIG. 21 above, the case shown in FIG. 18 is envisaged,and the amount of misalignment L of the CF 113R in a case where emissionlight from the luminescence section 127 is incident on an end of thelower surface of the CF 113R on a side near to the luminescence section127 is calculated; this similarly applies to the case shown in FIG. 19where emission light from the luminescence section 127 is incident on anend of the lower surface of the CF 113R on a side far from theluminescence section 127. Therefore, in the end, the range of valuesthat the amount of misalignment L of the CF 113R can take in order toobtain a viewing angle of θ₀ for emission light from the display surface201 can be expressed by Mathematical Formula (7) below. In other words,if the amount of misalignment L of the CF 113R is set so as to satisfyMathematical Formula (7) below, a viewing angle of θ₀ can be obtainedfor emission light from the display surface 201.

$\begin{matrix}\left\lbrack {{Math}.\mspace{14mu} 7} \right\rbrack & \; \\{{{g_{1}{\tan\left( \theta_{1} \right)}} - \frac{w_{2}}{2} - \frac{w_{1}}{2}} \leq L \leq {{g_{1}{\tan\left( \theta_{1} \right)}} + \frac{w_{2}}{2} + \frac{w_{1}}{2}}} & (7)\end{matrix}$

Hereinabove, a method for setting the amount of misalignment L of the CF113R is described. Note that, in the above example, medium layers aretreated as a uniform material and the range that the amount ofmisalignment L of the CF 113 a can take is calculated on the assumptionthat the refractive index of this material is n₂, for the sake ofsimplicity, in a case where it is attempted to find the range of theamount of misalignment L more strictly, the structure of an actualdisplay device like that shown in FIG. 4 or the like may be envisaged,and a similar calculation may be performed while the refractive index ofeach layer is taken into account.

(5. Modification examples)

Some additional modification examples of each of the embodimentsdescribed hereinabove will now be described.

(5-1. Method of Causing Relative Misalignment Between Light EmittingElement and CF)

In the second and third embodiments described above, in order to causethe relative misalignment between the light emitting element 103 and theCF 113 a, the region in which the CF 1133 a is not formed in the CFlayer 113 is formed as transition region 301 in which the amount ofmisalignment L and the misalignment direction of CF 113 a change asdescribed above with reference to FIG. 6. Here, in the second and thirdembodiments, the method of causing the relative misalignment between thelight emitting element 103 and the CF 113 a is not limited to the abovemethod, and other methods may be used.

A modified example in which the relative misalignment between lightemitting element 103 and CF 113 a is caused by another method will bedescribed with reference to FIG. 22. FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaininganother method of causing the relative misalignment between the lightemitting element 103 and the CF 113 a. Further, in the present modifiedexample, a case in which the method of causing the relative misalignmentbetween the light emitting element 103 and the CF 113 a is differentfrom that of the display device 1 i according to the third embodimentillustrated in FIG. 12 will be described as an example. In other words,the display device according to the present modified example has aconfiguration similar to that of the display device 1 i except that themethod of causing the relative misalignment between the light emittingelement 103 and the CF 113 a is different. In FIG. 22, a cross sectionof a display device 1 p according to the present modified example issimplified, and only a first substrate 101, a light emitting element103, a pixel defining film 105 a, and a CF layer 113 are illustrated.

In the present modification examples, like in the second and thirdembodiments, the inside of the display surface of the display device 1 pis divided into a plurality of regions, and the amount of misalignment Land the misalignment direction may be set for each region in accordancewith the position in the display surface of the region. FIG. 22 shows,as an example, region 303 in which the amount of displacement L of theCF 113 a=0, region 305 that is adjacent to region 303 and in which theamount of displacement L of the CF 113 a is a prescribed value that isnot zero, and a transition region 307 provided between region 303 andregion 305, similarly to FIG. 6. As illustrated, in the presentmodification example, the transition region 307 is formed as a region inwhich the pitch with which light emitting elements 103 are arranged(that is, the pixel spacing) is narrower than a normal pitch of anotherregion. Further, in the transition region 307, an arrangement pitch isadjusted such that the arrangement pitch of the light emitting element103 is reduced on the misalignment side. Thereby, in region 305, thecenter of the CF 113 a is placed to be shifted in the horizontal planefrom the center of the luminescence surface of the luminescence section127 by an amount of misalignment L>0 in the direction in which thearrangement pitch of the light emitting element 103 is reduced. Alsobetween not-shown other regions, the amount of misalignment L and/or themisalignment direction can be changed between regions by providing asimilar transition region 307.

Further, another modified example of causing the relative misalignmentbetween light emitting element 103 and CF 113 a will be described withreference to FIG. 23. FIG. 23 is a diagram for describing still anothermethod of causing the relative misalignment between the light emittingelement 103 and the CF 113 a. FIG. 23 schematically illustrates a statein which a configuration near the boundary between two regions which aredifferent in the amount of misalignment L of the CF 113 a of the CFlayer 113 of the display device 1 q according to the present modifiedexample is viewed from above. Further, the display device 1 q accordingto the present modified example has a configuration similar to those ofthe display devices 1 c and 1 i according to the second and thirdembodiments except that the method of causing the relative misalignmentbetween the light emitting element 103 and the CF 113 a is different.

In the present modified example, similarly, the display surface of thedisplay device 1 q is divided into a plurality of regions, and theamount of misalignment L and misalignment direction can be set for eachregion in accordance with a position of each region in the displaysurface. FIG. 23 shows, like in FIG. 22, as an example, region 303 wherethe amount of displacement L of the CF 113 a=0, region 305 that isadjacent to region 303 and in which the amount of displacement L of theCF 113 a is a prescribed value that is not zero, and a transition region301 provided between region 303 and region 305. As illustrated, thetransition region 301 is formed as a region in which the area of the CF113 a is larger than the area of a normal CF 113 a in another region.Further, the CF 113 a located in the transition region 301 is formedsuch that the area of the CF 113 a is increased on the misalignmentside. Thereby, in region 305, the center of the CF 113 a is placed to beshifted in the horizontal plane from the center of the luminescencesurface of the light emitting element 103 by an amount of misalignmentL>0 in the direction in which the area of the CF 113 a located in thetransition region 301 is increased. Also between not-shown otherregions, the amount of misalignment L and/or the misalignment directioncan be changed between regions by providing a similar transition region301.

Note that, also in any of the modification examples described above, theamount of misalignment L and the misalignment direction may be set noton a region basis but on a pixel basis, and the amount of misalignment Land the misalignment direction may be changed in a continuous mannerbetween pixels in accordance with the position in the display surface201 of the pixel, like in the second and third embodiments describedabove. Further, the misalignment direction of the CF 113 a may be onlyone of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of thedisplay surface 201, or may be a two-dimensional arbitrary direction inthe horizontal plane.

(5-2. Other Methods for Setting Amount of Misalignment L of CF)

As described in (4. With regard to amount of misalignment of CF) above,in the second and third embodiments described above, the amount ofmisalignment L of the CF 113 a is set by prescribing conditions whereemission light from the luminescence section 127 is incident on thelower surface of the CF 113R. However, the second and third embodimentsare not limited to this example. For example, it is presumed that,depending on the characteristics of emission light from the luminescencesection 127, the characteristics of the CF 113 a, etc., color conversionwill be performed appropriately and light of desired characteristics canbe emitted from the display surface 201 even in a case where emissionlight from the luminescence section 127 is incident on the side surfaceof the CF 113 a. Thus, the amount of misalignment L of the CF 113 a maybe set taking into account also a case where emission light from theluminescence section 127 is incident on the side surface of the CF 113a.

Such a modification example in which the amount of misalignment L of theCF 113 a is set taking into account also a case where emission lightfrom the luminescence section 127 is incident on the side surface of theCF 113 a will now be described with reference to FIG. 24. FIG. 24 is adiagram for describing a method for setting the amount of misalignment Lof the CF 113 a taking into account also a case where emission lightfrom the luminescence section 127 is incident on the side surface of theCF 113 a. Similarly to FIG. 18 to FIG. 21, FIG. 24 simulatively showsthe luminescence section 127 of one light emitting element 10 providedin a display device according to the present modification example, oneCF 113 a provided to correspond to the light emitting element 10 (in theillustrated example, a CF 113R), and the display surface 201 of thedisplay device. Further, medium layers are treated as layers containinga uniform material with a refractive index of n₂.

Herein, it is assumed that light is emitted from one point of the centerof the luminescence surface of the luminescence section 127, for thesake of simplicity. In this event, in a case where emission light fromthe luminescence section 127 is incident on the side surface of the CF113 a, the case where the value of the amount of displacement L of theCF 113R is largest is a case where emission light from the luminescencesection 127 is incident on the vicinity of the upper end of the sidesurface of the CF 113 a. Herein, a case where emission light from theluminescence section 127 is incident on the upper end of the sidesurface of the CF 113 a is assumed for the sake of simplicity. FIG. 24shows the positional relationship between the luminescence section 127and the CF 113R and the locus of a light beam in such a case whereemission light from the luminescence section 127 is incident on theupper end of the side surface of the CF 113R. When the luminescencesection 127 and the CF 113R are in the positional relationship shown inFIG. 24, the amount of misalignment L of the CF 113R can be expressed byMathematical Formula (8) below from geometric consideration.

$\begin{matrix}\left\lbrack {{Math}.\mspace{14mu} 8} \right\rbrack & \; \\{L = {{d + \frac{w_{2}}{2}} = {{d_{1} + w_{p} + \frac{w_{2}}{2}} = {{g_{1}{\tan\left( \theta_{1} \right)}} + {h_{2}{\tan\left( \theta_{1} \right)}} + \frac{w_{2}}{2}}}}} & (8)\end{matrix}$

Here, the thickness of the CF 113R is denoted by h₂; within the distanced in the horizontal plane from the luminescence position in theluminescence section 127 to the position where emission light isincident on the CF 113R, the length of a portion corresponding to thedistance g₁ in the stacking direction from the surface of theluminescence section 127 to the lower surface of the CF 113R is denotedby d₁; and within the distance d, the length of a portion correspondingto the thickness h₂ of the CF 113R is denoted by w_(p).

Thus, the upper limit value of the range that the amount of displacementL of the CF 113R can take is made larger by taking into account also acase where emission light from the luminescence section 127 is incidenton the side surface of the CF 113 a. In FIG. 24, it is assumed thatlight is emitted from one point of the center of the luminescencesurface of the luminescence section 127; however, if also a case wherelight is emitted from other parts in the luminescence surface is takeninto account like in the consideration in (4. With regard to amount ofmisalignment of CF) above, the range that the amount of displacement Lof the CF 113R can take can be expressed by Mathematical Formula (9)below, in the end. In other words, in the present modification example,if the amount of misalignment L of the CF 113R is set so as to satisfyMathematical Formula (9) below, a viewing angle of θ₀ can be obtainedfor emission light from the display surface 201. Note that, in practice,if emission light from the luminescence section 127 is not incident on“the vicinity of the upper end” of the side surface of the CF 113 a, theemission light does not pass through the CF 113 a and color conversionis not performed appropriately; hence, in Mathematical Formula (9)below, a case where emission light from the luminescence section 127 isincident on “the upper end” of the side surface of the CF 113 a, thatis, a case where L is equal to the upper limit value is excluded.

$\begin{matrix}\left\lbrack {{Math}.\mspace{14mu} 9} \right\rbrack & \; \\{{{g_{1}{\tan\left( \theta_{1} \right)}} - \frac{w_{2}}{2} - \frac{w_{1}}{2}} \leq L < {{g_{1}{\tan\left( \theta_{1} \right)}} + {h_{2}{\tan\left( \theta_{1} \right)}} + \frac{w_{2}}{2} + \frac{w_{1}}{2}}} & (9)\end{matrix}$

Note that, instead of analytically setting the amount of misalignment Las described hereinabove, an optimum amount of misalignment and anoptimum misalignment direction of the CF 113 a, and an optimumdistribution of CFs 113 a in the display surface may be found in a trialand error manner by repeatedly performing an optical simulation and anexperiment using a sample fabricated on the basis of the simulationresult, as another method for setting the amount of misalignment L ofthe CF 113 a.

(6. Specific Configuration Example of Display Device)

More specific configuration examples of the display devices according tothe respective embodiments and the respective modified examplesdescribed above will be described. Here, a specific configurationexample of the display device 1 i according to the third embodiment willbe described as an example with reference to FIG. 25. Here, specificconfigurations of the display device according to another embodiment andthe display device according to each modified example of each embodimentmay be similar to that of the display device illustrated in FIG. 25 tobe described below except for the difference from the display device 1 iaccording to the third embodiment described above.

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a specific configurationexample of the display device 1 i according to the third embodiment.FIG. 25 illustrates a partial sectional view of the display device 1 i.

Referring to FIG. 25, a display device 1 i according to the thirdembodiment includes, on a first substrate 11, a plurality of lightemitting elements 10 each of which includes an OLED and emits whitelight, and a CF layer 33 that is provided on the light emitting elements10 and in which CFs of some colors are formed to correspond to the lightemitting elements 10. Further, a second substrate 34 containing amaterial transparent to the light from the light emitting element 10 isplaced on the CF layer 33. A first substrate 11, a light emittingelement 10, a CF layer 33, and a second substrate 34 correspond to thefirst substrate 101, the light emitting element 103, the CF layer 113,and the second substrate 117, respectively.

Further, on the first substrate 11. TFTs 15 for driving the lightemitting elements 10 are provided to correspond to the light emittingelements 10. An arbitrary light emitting element 10 is selectivelydriven by the TFT 15, then light from the driven light emitting element10 passes through the corresponding CF, and the color of the light isconverted appropriately and the converted light is emitted from theupper side via the second substrate 34; thereby, desired images,characters, etc. are displayed.

(First Substrate and Second Substrate)

In the illustrated configuration example, the first substrate 11includes a silicon substrate. Further, the second substrate 34 containsquartz glass. However, the third embodiment is not limited to thisexample, and various publicly-known materials may be used as the firstsubstrate 11 and the second substrate 34. For example, each of the firstsubstrate 11 and the second substrate 34 may include a high strain pointglass substrate, a soda-lime glass (a mixture of Na₂O, CaO, and SiO₂)substrate, a borosilicate glass (a mixture of Na₂O, B₂O₃, and SiO₂)substrate, a forsterite (Mg₂SiO₄) substrate, a lead glass (a mixture ofNa₂O, PbO, and SiO₂) substrate, various glass substrates in which aninsulating film is formed on a surface, a quartz substrate, a quartzsubstrate in which an insulating film is formed on a surface, a siliconsubstrate in which an insulating film is formed on a surface, or anorganic polymer substrate (for example, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA),polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylphenol (PVP), a polyether sulfone(PES), a polyimide, a polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate (PET),or the like). The materials contained in the first substrate 11 and thesecond substrate 34 may be the same, or may be different. However, sincethe display device 1 i is of the top emission type, the second substrate34 preferably contains a material with a high transmittance that cantransmit the light from the light emitting element 10 favorably.

(Light Emitting Element and Second Member)

The light emitting element 10 includes a first electrode 21, an organiclayer 23 provided on the first electrode 21, and a second electrode 22formed on the organic layer 23. More specifically, a second member 52 inwhich openings 25 are provided so as to expose at least parts of thefirst electrode 21 is stacked on the first electrode 21, and the organiclayer 23 is provided on portions of the first electrode 21 that areexposed at the bottoms of the openings 25. That is, the light emittingelement 10 has a configuration in which the first electrode 21, theorganic layer 23, and the second electrode 22 are stacked in this orderin the opening 25 of the second member 52. This stacked structurefunctions as a luminescence section 24 of each pixel. That is, a portionof the light emitting element 10 falling under the opening 25 of thesecond member 52 serves as a luminescence surface. Further, the secondmember 52 functions as a pixel defining film that is provided betweenpixels and partitions the area of the pixel. The second member 52corresponds to the pixel defining film 105 a described above.

The organic layer 23 includes a luminescence layer containing an organicluminescent material, and can emit white light. The specificconfiguration of the organic layer 23 is not limited, and may be variouspublicly-known configurations. For example, the organic layer 23 mayhave a stacked structure of a hole transport layer, a luminescencelayer, and an electronic transport layer, a stacked structure of a holetransport layer and a luminescence layer that serves also as anelectronic transport layer, a stacked structure of a hole injectionlayer, a hole transport layer, a luminescence layer, an electronictransport layer, and an electron injection layer, or the like. Further,in a case where each of these stacked structures or the like is used asa “tandem unit,” the organic layer 23 may have a tandem structure of twostages in which a first tandem unit, a connection layer, and a secondtandem unit are stacked. Alternatively, the organic layer 23 may have atandem structure of three or more stages in which three or more tandemunits are stacked. In a case where the organic layer 23 includes aplurality of tandem units, an organic layer 23 that emits white light asa whole can be obtained by assigning red, green, and blue to theluminescent colors of the luminescence layers of the tandem units.

In the illustrated configuration example, the organic layer 23 is formedby depositing an organic material by vacuum vapor deposition. However,the third embodiment is not limited to this example, and the organiclayer 23 may be formed by various publicly-known methods. For example,as the method for forming the organic layer 23, physical vapordeposition methods (PVD methods) such as the vacuum vapor depositionmethod, printing methods such as the screen printing method and theinkjet printing method, a laser transfer method in which a stackedstructure of a laser absorbing layer and an organic layer formed on asubstrate for transfer is irradiated with laser light to separate theorganic layer on the laser absorbing layer and the organic layer istransferred, various application methods, etc. may be used.

The first electrode 21 functions as an anode. Since the display device 1i is of the top emission type, the first electrode 21 contains amaterial capable of reflecting the light from the organic layer 23. Inthe illustrated configuration example, the first electrode 21 containsan alloy of aluminum and neodymium (Al—Nd alloy). Further, the filmthickness of the first electrode 21 is approximately 0.1 μm to 1 μm, forexample. However, the third embodiment is not limited to this example,and the first electrode 21 may contain various publicly-known materialsused as the material of an electrode on the light reflection side thatfunctions as an anode in a common organic EL display. Further, the filmthickness of the first electrode 21 is not limited to the above exampleeither, and the first electrode 21 may be formed in film thicknessranges commonly employed in organic EL displays, as appropriate.

For example, the first electrode 21 may contain a metal with a high workfunction, such as platinum (Pt), gold (Au), silver (Ag), chromium (Cr),tungsten (W), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), ortantalum (Ta), or an alloy with a high work function (for example, aAg—Pd—Cu alloy containing silver as a main component and containing 0.3mass % to 1 mass % of palladium (Pd) and 0.3 mass % to 1 mass % ofcopper, an Al—Nd alloy, or the like). Alternatively, the first electrode21 may contain an electrically conductive material having a small workfunction value and a high light reflectance, such as aluminum or analloy containing aluminum. In this case, it is preferable to improvehole injection properties by providing an appropriate hole injectionlayer on the first electrode 21, or the like. Alternatively, the firstelectrode 21 may have a structure in which a transparent electricallyconductive material excellent in hole injection characteristics, such asan oxide of indium and tin (ITO) or an oxide of indium and zinc (IZO),is stacked on a reflective film with high light reflectivity such as adielectric multiple-layer film or aluminum.

The second electrode 22 functions as a cathode. Since the display device1 i is of the top emission type, the second electrode 22 contains amaterial capable of transmitting the light from the organic layer 23. Inthe illustrated configuration example, the second electrode 22 containsan alloy of magnesium and silver (Mg—Ag alloy). Further, the filmthickness of the second electrode 22 is approximately 10 nm, forexample. However, the third embodiment is not limited to this example,and the second electrode 22 may contain various publicly-known materialsused as the material of an electrode on the light transmission side thatfunctions as a cathode in a common organic EL display. Further, the filmthickness of the second electrode 22 is not limited to the above exampleeither, and the second electrode 22 may be formed in film thicknessranges commonly employed in organic EL displays, as appropriate.

For example, the second electrode 22 may contain aluminum, silver,magnesium, calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), an alloy of analkali metal and silver, an alloy of an alkaline earth metal and silver(for example, an alloy of magnesium and silver (Mg—Ag alloy)), an alloyof magnesium and calcium (Mg—Ca alloy), an alloy of aluminum and lithium(Al—Li alloy), or the like. In a case where each of these materials isused in a single layer, the film thickness of the second electrode 22 isapproximately 4 nm to 50 nm, for example. Alternatively, the secondelectrode 22 may have a structure in which a layer of any of thematerials described above and a transparent electrode containing, forexample, ITO or IZO (with a thickness of, for example, approximately 30nm to 1 μm) are stacked from the organic layer 23 side. In a case wheresuch a stacked structure is used, the thickness of the layer of any ofthe materials described above may be as thin as approximately 1 nm to 4nm, for example. Alternatively, the second electrode 22 may include onlya transparent electrode. Alternatively, the second electrode 22 may beprovided with a bus electrode (auxiliary electrode) containing a lowresistance material, such as aluminum, an aluminum alloy, silver, asilver alloy, copper, a copper alloy, gold, or a gold alloy, to reducethe resistance of the second electrode 22 as a whole.

In the illustrated configuration example, each of the first electrode 21and the second electrode 22 is formed by forming a material as a filmwith a prescribed thickness by the vacuum vapor deposition method andthen patterning the film by the etching method. However, the thirdembodiment is not limited to this example, and the first electrode 21and the second electrode 22 may be formed by various publicly-knownmethods. Examples of the method for forming the first electrode 21 andthe second electrode 22 include vapor deposition methods including theelectron beam vapor deposition method, the hot filament vapor depositionmethod, and the vacuum vapor deposition method, the sputtering method,the chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method), the metal organicchemical vapor deposition method (MOCVD method), a combination of theion plating method and the etching method, various printing methods (forexample, the screen printing method, the inkjet printing method, themetal mask printing method, etc.), plating methods (the electroplatingmethod, the electroless plating method, etc.), the lift-off method, thelaser ablation method, the sol-gel method, etc.

The second member 52 is formed by forming SiO₂ as a film with aprescribed film thickness by the CVD method and then patterning the SiO₂film using photolithography technology and etching technology. However,the material of the second member 52 is not limited to this example, andvarious materials having insulating properties may be used as thematerial of the second member 52. Examples of the material contained inthe second member 52 include SiO₂, MgF, LiF, a polyimide resin, anacrylic resin, a fluorine resin, a silicone resin, a fluorine-basedpolymer, a silicone-based polymer, etc. However, as described later, thesecond member 52 contains a material having a lower refractive indexthan the material of a first member 51.

(Configuration of Parts Below Light Emitting Element)

On the first substrate 11, the first electrode 21 included in the lightemitting element 10 is provided on an interlayer insulating layer 16containing SiON. Then, the interlayer insulating layer 16 covers a lightemitting element driving section formed on the first substrate 11.

The light emitting element driving section includes a plurality of TFTs15. In the illustrated example, one TFT 15 is provided for one lightemitting element 10. The TFT 15 includes a gate electrode 12 formed onthe first substrate 11, a gate insulating film 13 formed on the firstsubstrate 11 and the gate electrode 12, and a semiconductor layer 14formed on the gate insulating film 13. A region of the semiconductorlayer 14 located immediately above the gate electrode 12 functions as achannel region 14A, and regions located so as to sandwich the channelregion 14A function as source/drain regions 14B. Note that, although inthe illustrated example the TFT 15 is of a back gate type, the thirdembodiment is not limited to this example, and the TFT 15 may be of abottom gate type.

An interlayer insulating layer 16 including two layers (a lower layerinterlayer insulating layer 16A and an upper layer interlayer insulatinglayer 16B) is stacked on the semiconductor layer 14 by the CVD method.In this event, after the lower layer interlayer insulating layer 16A isstacked, contact holes 17 are provided in portions of the lower layerinterlayer insulating layer 16A corresponding to the source/drainregions 14B so as to expose the source/drain regions 14B, by usingphotolithography technology and etching technology, for example, and aninterconnection 18 containing aluminum is formed so as to fill thecontact hole 17. The interconnections 18 are formed by combining thevacuum vapor deposition method and the etching method, for example.After that, the upper layer interlayer insulating layer 16B is stacked.

In a portion of the upper layer interlayer insulating layer 16B wherethe interconnection 18 is provided, a contact hole 19 is provided so asto expose the interconnection 18, by using photolithography technologyand etching technology, for example. Then, when forming the firstelectrode 21 of the light emitting element 10, the first electrode 21 isformed so as to be in contact with the interconnection 18 via thecontact hole 19. Thus, the first electrode 21 of the light emittingelement 10 is electrically connected to a source/drain region 14B of theTET 15 via the interconnection 18. The gate electrode 12 of the TFT 15is connected to a scanning circuit (not shown). Each TFT 15 is driven bya current being applied to the TFT 15 from the scanning circuit at anappropriate timing, and each light emitting element 10 emits light sothat desired images, characters, etc. are displayed as a whole. Variouspublicly-known methods may be used as the method for driving the TFT 15to obtain appropriate display (that is, the method for driving thedisplay device 1 i), and hence a detailed description is omitted herein.

Note that, although in the above example the interlayer insulating layer16 contains SiON, the third embodiment is not limited to this example.The interlayer insulating layer 16 may contain various publicly-knownmaterials that can be used as an interlayer insulating layer in a commonorganic EL display. For example, as the material contained in theinterlayer insulating layer 16, SiO₂-based materials (for example, SiO₂,BPSG, PSG, BSG, AsSG, PbSG, SiON, spin-on glass (SOG), low melting pointglass, a glass paste, and the like). SiN-based materials, and insulatingresins (for example, a polyimide resin, a novolac-based resin, anacrylic-based resin, polybenzoxazole, and the like) may be used singlyor in combination, as appropriate. Further, the method for forming theinterlayer insulating layer 16 is not limited to the above exampleeither, and publicly-known methods such as the CVD method, theapplication method, the sputtering method, and various printing methodsmay be used for the formation of the interlayer insulating layer 16.Furthermore, although in the above example the interconnection 18 isformed by forming aluminum as a film and patterning the film by thevacuum vapor deposition method and the etching method, the thirdembodiment is not limited to this example. The interconnection 18 may beformed by forming, as a film, any of various materials that are used asan interconnection in a common organic EL display and patterning thefilm by various methods.

(Configuration of Parts Above Light Emitting Element 10)

The opening 25 provided in the second member 52 of the light emittingelement 10 is formed so as to have a tapered shape in which the sidewall of the opening 25 is inclined such that the opening area increaseswith proximity to the bottom. Then, a first member 51 is put in theopening 25. That is, the first member 51 is a layer that is providedimmediately above the luminescence surface of the light emitting element10 and that propagates emission light from the light emitting elementupward. Further, by forming the opening 25 of the second member 52 inthe above manner, a cross-sectional shape in the stacking direction ofthe first member 51 (that is, the illustrated cross-sectional shape) hasa substantially trapezoidal shape, and thus the first member 51 has atruncated conical or pyramidal shape in which the bottom surface facesup. The first member 51 corresponds to the first member 107 describedabove.

The first member 51 is formed by forming Si_(1-x)N_(x) as a film by thevacuum vapor deposition method so as to fill the opening 25, and thenplanarizing the surface of the Si_(1-x)N_(x) film by the chemicalmechanical polishing method (CMP method) or the like. However, thematerial of the first member 51 is not limited to this example, andvarious materials having insulating properties may be used as thematerial of the first member 51. Examples of the material contained inthe first member 51 include Si_(1-x)N_(x), ITO, IZO, TiO₂, Nb₂O₅, abromine-containing polymer, a sulfur-containing polymer, atitanium-containing polymer, a zirconium-containing polymer, etc. Themethod for forming the first member 51 is not limited to this exampleeither, and various publicly-known methods may be used as the method forforming the first member 51.

However, in the third embodiment, as described above, the materials ofthe first member 51 and the second member 52 are selected such that therefractive index n₁ of the first member 51 and the refractive index n₂of the second member 52 satisfy the relation of n₁>n₂. By selecting thematerials of the first member 51 and the second member 52 such that therefractive indices satisfy the relation mentioned above, at least a partof the light that has propagated through the first member 51 isreflected at a surface of the second member 52 facing the first member51. More specifically, the organic layer 23 and the second electrode 22of the light emitting element 10 are formed between the first member 51and the second member 52, and therefore at least a part of the lightthat has propagated through the first member 51 is reflected at theinterface between the second member 52 and the organic layer 23. Thatis, the surface of the second member 52 facing the first member 51functions as a reflector 53.

In the third embodiment, the first member 51 is provided immediatelyabove the luminescence surface of the light emitting element 10, asmentioned above. Then, the first member 51 has a truncated conical orpyramidal shape in which the bottom surface faces up, and thereforelight emitted from the luminescence surface of the light emittingelement 10 is reflected upward, which is the light emission direction,by the interface between the first member 51 and the second member 52,that is, the reflector 53. Thus, according to the third embodiment, theefficiency of extracting emission light from the light emitting element10 can be improved by providing the reflector 53, and the luminance asthe entire display device 1 i can be improved.

Note that an investigation by the present inventors shows that, toimprove the efficiency of extracting emission light from the lightemitting element 10 more favorably, it is preferable that the refractiveindices of the first member 51 and the second member 52 satisfy therelation of n₁−n₂≥0.20. It is more preferable that the refractiveindices of the first member 51 and the second member 52 satisfy therelation of n₁−n₂≥0.30. Furthermore, to further improve the efficiencyof extracting emission light from the light emitting element 10, it ispreferable that the shape of the first member 51 satisfy the relationsof 0.5≤R₁/R₂≤0.8 and 0.5≤H/R₁≤0.8. Here, R₁ represents the diameter ofthe light incidence surface of the first member 51 (that is, a surfacefacing down in the stacking direction and facing the luminescencesurface of the light emitting element 10), R₂ represents the diameter ofthe light emitting surface of the first member 51 (that is, a surfacefacing up in the stacking direction), and H represents the distancebetween the bottom surface and the upper surface (the height in thestacking direction) in a case where the first member 51 is regarded as atruncated cone or pyramid.

A protection film 31 is stacked on a planarized first member 51. Theprotection film 31 corresponds to the protection film 109 describedabove. For example, the protection film 31 is formed by depositingSi_(1-y)N_(y) at a predetermined thickness (about 3.0 um) through avacuum evaporation technique. Here, a material and a film thickness ofthe protection film 31 are not limited to this example, and theprotection film 31 may be appropriately formed to have a film thicknesscommonly employed in an organic EL display using various publicly-knownmaterials used as a protection film of a common organic EL display.

A reflector 119 is formed on the protection film 31, corresponding toeach pixel. The reflector 119 has a structure in which the recursivestructure of the prism type is formed toward the lower surface servingas the reflective surface. The recursive structure of the prism type canbe realized, for example, by arranging right triangular pyramids havinga substantially equilateral triangle shape at a plan view consecutively.The reflector 119 having the recursive structure of the prism type canbe formed, for example, by applying a technique of forming an opening ina film by etching so that a side wall has a tapered shape in asemiconductor process and processing a film (for example, a metallicfilm) made of a material having an appropriate reflectance in a prismshape using a photolithography technique and an etching technique.

Here, the third embodiment is not limited to this example, and thereflector 119 may have another configuration or may be formed by anotherprocessing technique. For example, the reflector 119 having therecursive structure of the prism type may be formed by manufacturing amaster on which a structure obtained by inverting the prism shape isformed on a surface and transferring a shape of a surface of the masteronto a surface of a film made of a material having an appropriatereflectance (for example, a metallic film).

Alternatively, for example, the reflector 119 may have the recursivestructure of the bead type instead of the prism type. The reflector 119having the recursive structure of the bead type can be formed, forexample, by processing a resist material in a spherical or hemisphericalshape through a photolithography technique. As the processing method,for example, various publicly-known methods used for forming an on-chiplens (OCL) in a field of imager can be applied.

Alternatively, for example, the reflector 119 having the recursivestructure of the bead type may be formed by arranging beads (particles)made of glass, plastic, or the like dispersedly inside the resin layer.According to this configuration, since the reflector 119 can be formedmerely by dispersedly arranging commercially available beads in anappropriate resin layer, the reflector 119 can be formed more easily ata lower cost.

Further, the reflector 119 may not be formed directly on the protectionfilm 31, and for example, the reflector 119 may be formed above theprotection film 31 by boding a separately prepared reflector 119 to apredetermined position on the protection film 31. Further, the recursivestructure formed in the reflector 119 is not limited to the aboveexample, and various publicly-known structures may be applied as therecursive structure.

Further, in the third embodiment, the lower surface of the reflector 119need not be necessarily a recursive reflector. For example, the lowersurface of the reflector 119 may be a mirror or a scatterer. Even in acase in which the lower surface of the reflector 119 is a mirror or ascatterer, some components of light incident on the reflector 119 can bereflected toward the luminescence surface of the light emitting element10, and thus a constant effect related to the improvement of the lightextraction efficiency can be obtained. Here, in a case in which thelower surface of the reflector 119 is a recursive reflector, it ispossible to more efficiently reflect the light incident on the reflector119 toward the luminescence surface of the light emitting element 10,and thus in order to more remarkably obtain the effect of improving thelight extraction efficiency, it is more preferable to configure thelower surface of the reflector 119 with the recursive reflector.

The reflector 119 in which the lower surface is a mirror or a scatterermay be formed by various methods. For example, as the method of formingthe reflector 119 in which the lower surface is a mirror or a scatterer,for example, a method in which an appropriate material is deposited byvapor deposition or sputtering to form a film, an appropriate material(a resist material) is formed in a film form by a lithography technique,a mirror or scatterer is bonded onto the protection film 31, and asurface shape of a master having a surface shape of a separatelyprepared mirror or scatterer is transferred onto the film of theappropriate material, or a material functioning a mirror or a scattereris coated when it has a film form.

After the reflector 119 is formed on the protection film 31, aplanarizing film 32 is laminated. The planarizing film 32 corresponds tothe planarizing film 111 described above. The planarizing film 32 isformed, for example, by depositing SiO₂ at a predetermined filmthickness (about 2.0 um) through a CVD technique and planarizes thesurface thereof through a CMP technique or the like. However, thematerials and the film thicknesses of the planarizing film 32 are notlimited to these examples, and the planarizing film 32 may containvarious publicly-known materials used as a planarizing film of a commonorganic EL display so as to have film thicknesses commonly employed inan organic EL display, as appropriate.

Here, in the third embodiment, it is preferable that the material of theprotection film 31 be selected such that the refractive index n₃ of theprotection film 31 is equal to the refractive index n₁ of the firstmember 51 or smaller than the refractive index n₁ of the first member51. Furthermore, the materials of the protection film 31 and theplanarizing film 32 are selected such that the absolute value of thedifference between the refractive index n₃ of the protection film 31 andthe refractive index n₄ of the planarizing film 32 is preferably lessthan or equal to 0.30 and more preferably less than or equal to 0.20. Bythus selecting the materials of the protection film 31 and theplanarizing film 32, the reflection or scattering of emission light fromthe light emitting element 10 at the interface between the first member51 and the protection film 31 and the interface between the protectionfilm 31 and the planarizing film 32 can be suppressed, and lightextraction efficiency can be further improved.

Note that, as the configuration from the first substrate 11 to theprotection film 31 of the display device 1 i, particularly as theconfiguration of the reflector 53, the configuration of a display devicedisclosed in JP 2013-191533A, which is a prior application by thepresent applicant, may be used, for example.

A CF layer 33 is formed on the planarizing film 32. The CF layer 33corresponds to the CF layer 113 described above. The CF layer 33 isformed so that CFs of respective colors (a red CF 33R, a green CF 33R,and a blue CF 33B) having a predetermined area are formed with respectto the respective light emitting elements 10. The CF layer 33 may beformed by performing exposure on a resist material into a prescribedconfiguration and performing development by photolithography technology,for example. The film thickness of the CF layer 33 is approximately 2μm, for example. However, the material, the formation method, and thefilm thickness of the CF layer 33 are not limited to these examples, andthe CF layer 33 may be formed so as to have a film thickness commonlyemployed in an organic EL display by using various publicly-knownmaterials that are used as a CF layer of a common organic EL display andvarious publicly-known methods, as appropriate.

The second substrate 34 is stuck to the upper side of the CF layer 33via, for example, a sealing resin film 35 of an epoxy resin or the like,and thereby the display device 1 i is fabricated. Note that the materialof the sealing resin film 35 is not limited to this example, and thematerial of the sealing resin film 35 may be selected in view of hightransmissivity to the emission light from the light emitting element 10,excellence in adhesiveness to the CF layer 33 located on the lower sideand the second substrate 34 located on the upper side, low reflectivityat the interface between the CF layer 33 located on the lower side andthe second substrate 34 located on the upper side, etc., as appropriate.

The specific configuration example of the display device 1 i accordingto the third embodiment has been described above. Further, the specificconfiguration examples of the display devices according to therespective embodiments and the respective modified examples of thepresent disclosure are not limited to the above examples. Various kindsof conditions commonly used for forming a layer can be used as amaterial, a film thickness, and a forming method of each of layersconstituting the display device according to the respective embodimentsand the respective modified examples.

(7. Application Examples)

An application example of the display devices according to therespective embodiments and the respective modified examples will bedescribed. Here, several examples of electronic apparatuses to which thedisplay devices according to the respective embodiments and therespective modified examples described above can be applied will bedescribed.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an external appearance of a smartphone thatis an example of the electronic apparatus in which the display devicesaccording to each of the embodiments and each of the modificationexamples can be used. As shown in FIG. 26, a smartphone 401 includes anoperation section 403 that includes a button and accepts an operationinput by the user and a display section 405 that displays various piecesof information. The display section 405 may include any of the displaydevices according to each of the embodiments and each of themodification examples.

FIG. 27 and FIG. 28 are diagrams showing external appearances of adigital camera that is another example of the electronic apparatus inwhich the display devices according to each of the embodiments and eachof the modification examples can be used. FIG. 27 shows an externalappearance of a digital camera 411 as seen from the front side (thesubject side), and FIG. 27 shows an external appearance of the digitalcamera 411 as seen from the rear side. As shown in FIG. 26 and FIG. 27,the digital camera 411 includes a main body section (camera body) 413, areplaceable lens unit 415, a grip section 417 that is gripped by theuser during photographing, a monitor 419 that displays various pieces ofinformation, and an EVF 421 that displays a through image that isobserved by the user during photographing. The monitor 419 and the EVF421 may include any of the display devices according to each of theembodiments and each of the modification examples.

FIG. 29 is a diagram showing an external appearance of an HMD that isanother example of the electronic apparatus in which the display devicesaccording to each of the embodiments and each of the modificationexamples can be used. As shown in FIG. 29, an HMD 431 includes aneyeglass-type display section 433 that displays various pieces ofinformation and ear-fixing sections 435 that are fixed to the user'sears during wearing. The display section 433 may include any of thedisplay devices according to each of the embodiments and each of themodification examples.

Hereinabove, some examples of the electronic apparatus in which thedisplay devices according to each of the embodiments and each of themodification examples can be used are described. Note that theelectronic apparatus in which the display devices according to each ofthe embodiments and each of the modification examples can be used is notlimited to those described above as examples, and the display device canbe used for display devices that are mounted on electronic apparatusesin all fields that perform display on the basis of an image signalinputted from the outside or an image signal generated in the inside,such as a television device, an electronic book, a PDA, a notebook PC, avideo camera, an HMD, and a game apparatus.

(8. Supplement)

The preferred embodiment(s) of the present disclosure has/have beendescribed above with reference to the accompanying drawings, whilst thepresent disclosure is not limited to the above examples. A personskilled in the art may find various alterations and modifications withinthe scope of the appended claims, and it should be understood that theywill naturally come under the technical scope of the present disclosure.

For example, the configurations that the display device according toeach of the embodiments can have and the configurations that the displaydevices according to the modification examples can have, which aredescribed hereinabove, may be used in combination with each other withinthe extent of feasibility. For example, the methods described above maybe combined in order to create a relative misalignment between the lightemitting element and the CF, as appropriate. Further, for example, areflector structure may be formed in the display devices according tothe first embodiment and the modified example thereof. In other words,in the display device in which the reflector is formed in at least somepixels, a reflector structure may be formed without causing the relativemisalignment between the light emitting element and the reflector.

Further, although in each of the embodiments described hereinabove thedisplay device 1 has a configuration in which one pixel includessub-pixels of four colors of a red pixel, a green pixel, a blue pixel,and a white pixel, the present disclosure is not limited to thisexample. By applying configurations similar to those of the displaydevices according to the respective embodiments to display deviceshaving other pixel configurations, similar effects can be obtained.Further, the method for arranging pixels is not limited to the deltaarrangement described above, either. For example, similar effects can beobtained also by other pixel arrangements such as a stripe arrangement,a diagonal arrangement, and a rectangle arrangement.

For example, although in the above an embodiment in which the displaydevice is an organic EL display is described as an example of thepresent disclosure, the present disclosure is not limited to thisexample. The display device that is an object of the present disclosuremay be various display devices as long as they are display devices thatcan achieve color display by using CFs, such as a liquid crystaldisplay, a plasma display, and an electronic paper device. When thelight emitting section and the reflector are arranged in the otherdisplay devices in a state in which the center of the reflector isshifted from the center of the luminescence surface of the lightemitting section in a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction sothat the light emitted in a direction other than a desired directionamong the emission light from the light emitting section is reflected inat least a partial region in the display surface, effects similar tothose of the respective embodiments described above can be obtained.Here, the light emitting section is a part that is included in eachpixel of the display device and that emits light toward the outside. Forexample, in an organic EL display like each of the embodiments describedhereinabove, the light emitting section corresponds to a light emittingelement. Further, for example in a liquid crystal display, the lightemitting section corresponds to a region corresponding to one pixel of aliquid crystal panel. Further, for example in a plasma display, thelight emitting section corresponds to a region corresponding to onedischarge cell of a plasma display panel.

Further, the effects described in this specification are merelyillustrative or exemplified effects, and are not limitative. That is,with or in the place of the above effects, the technology according tothe present disclosure may achieve other effects that are clear to thoseskilled in the art from the description of this specification.

Additionally, the present technology may also be configured as below.

(1)

A display device, including:

a plurality of light emitting sections formed on a substrate; and

reflectors provided above the light emitting sections with respect tothe plurality of light emitting sections positioned in at least apartial region of a display surface, lower surfaces of the reflectorsreflecting part of emission light from the light emitting sections,

in which the light emitting sections and the reflectors are arranged ina state in which centers of the reflectors are shifted from centers ofluminescence surfaces of the light emitting sections in a planeperpendicular to a stacking direction so that light emitted in adirection other than a desired direction among the emission light fromthe light emitting sections is reflected.

(2)

The display device according to (1), further including:

color filters provided above the light emitting sections, correspondingto the plurality of light emitting sections,

in which the light emitting sections and the color filters are arrangedso that relative misalignment occurs between the centers of theluminescence surfaces of the light emitting sections and centers of thecolor filters corresponding to the light emitting sections in a planeperpendicular to the stacking direction in at least the light emittingsections provided with the reflectors, and

a misalignment direction of the centers of the reflectors with respectto the centers of the luminescence surfaces of the light emittingsections in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction is adirection opposite to a misalignment direction of the centers of thecolor filters with respect to the centers of the luminescence surfacesof the light emitting sections in the plane perpendicular to thestacking direction.

(3)

The display device according to (1) or (2), in which reflective surfacesof the reflectors have a recursive structure.

(4)

The display device according to (3), in which the recursive structurehas a configuration in which corner cube prisms are arranged.

(5)

The display device according to any one of (1) to (4), furtherincluding:

color filters provided above the light emitting sections, correspondingto the plurality of light emitting sections.

in which the reflectors are formed below the color filters.

(6)

The display device according to any one of (1) to (5), furtherincluding:

a first member provided immediately above the light emitting section tobe positioned below the reflector and having a substantially truncatedconical or pyramidal shape in which a sectional area in a direction inthe plane perpendicular to the stacking direction gradually increasesupward, the first member propagating the emission light from the lightemitting section; and

a second member provided between the first members between adjacentlight emitting sections,

in which a refractive index of the first member is larger than arefractive index of the second member.

(7)

The display device according to any one of (1) to (6), in which anamount of misalignment and a misalignment direction of the center of thereflector with respect to the center of the luminescence surface of thelight emitting section in the plane perpendicular to the stackingdirection have a distribution in the display surface.

(8)

The display device according to any one of (1) to (7), in which anamount of misalignment of the center of the reflector with respect tothe center of the luminescence surface of the light emitting section inthe plane perpendicular to the stacking direction increases toward anouter edge of the display surface.

(9)

The display device according to any one of (1) to (8), in which anamount of misalignment and a misalignment direction of the center of thereflector with respect to the center of the luminescence surface of thelight emitting section in the plane perpendicular to the stackingdirection are set in accordance with a viewing angle required in a pixelconstituted by the light emitting section provided with the reflector.

(10)

The display device according to any one of (1) to (9), in which amisalignment direction of the center of the reflector with respect tothe center of the luminescence surface of the light emitting section inthe plane perpendicular to the stacking direction is a directionopposite to a direction from a center of the display surface to aposition at which the light emitting section provided with the reflectorexists in the display surface.

(11)

The display device according to (2), in which the relative misalignmentbetween the center of the luminescence surface of the light emittingsection and the center of the color filter in the plane perpendicular tothe stacking direction is caused by areas of the plurality of colorfilters having a distribution in the display surface.

(12)

The display device according to (11), in which a plurality of regionsare set in the display surface and an area of the color filterpositioned between the adjacent regions is different from an area ofanother color filter, so that the relative misalignment is causedbetween the center of the luminescence surface of the light emittingsection and the center of the color filter in the plane perpendicular tothe stacking direction, with the amount of misalignment different foreach region.

(13)

The display device according to (11), in which areas of the plurality ofcolor filters gradually change in the display surface, so that therelative misalignment is caused between the center of the luminescencesurface of the light emitting section and the center of the color filterin the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction.

(14)

The display device according to (2), in which a pitch at which the lightemitting sections are arranged on the substrate is different from thepitch in another region in at least a partial region, so that therelative misalignment is caused between the center of the luminescencesurface of the light emitting section and the center of the color filterin the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction.

(15)

The display device according to any one of (2) and (10) to (13), inwhich an amount of misalignment of the center of the color filter withrespect to the center of the luminescence surface of the light emittingsection in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction increasestoward an outer edge of the display surface.

(16)

The display device according to any one of (2) and (11) to (15), inwhich an amount of misalignment of the center of the color filter withrespect to the center of the luminescence surface of the light emittingsection in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction and amisalignment direction of the center of the color filter with respect tothe center of the luminescence surface of the light emitting section inthe plane perpendicular to the stacking direction are set in accordancewith a viewing angle required in a pixel constituted by the lightemitting section and the color filter in which the relative misalignmentbetween the center of the luminescence surface of the light emittingsection and the center of the color filter in the plane perpendicular tothe stacking direction is caused.

(17)

The display device according to any one of (2) and (11) to (16), inwhich a misalignment direction of the center of the color filter withrespect to the center of the luminescence surface of the light emittingsection in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction is adirection from a center of the display surface to a position at whichthe light emitting section and the color filter in which the relativemisalignment between the center of the luminescence surface of the lightemitting section and the center of the color filter in the planeperpendicular to the stacking direction is caused exist.

(18)

The display device according to any one of (1) to (17),

in which the light emitting section is a light emitting elementincluding an organic light emitting diode, and

the display device is an organic EL display.

(19)

An electronic apparatus, including:

a display device configured to perform display on a basis of an imagesignal,

in which the display device includes

-   -   a plurality of light emitting sections formed on a substrate,        and    -   reflectors provided above the light emitting sections with        respect to the plurality of light emitting sections positioned        in at least a partial region of a display surface, lower        surfaces of the reflectors reflecting part of emission light        from the light emitting sections, and

the light emitting sections and the reflectors are arranged in a statein which centers of the reflectors are shifted from centers ofluminescence surfaces of the light emitting sections in a planeperpendicular to a stacking direction so that light emitted in adirection other than a desired direction among the emission light fromthe light emitting sections is reflected.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

-   1, 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 1 d, 1 e, 1 f, 1 g, 1 h, 1 i, 1 j, 1 k, 1 l, 1 m,    1 n, 1 p, 1 q display device-   10, 103 light emitting element-   11,101 first substrate-   15 TFT-   21 first electrode-   22 second electrode-   23 organic layer-   24, 127 luminescence section-   25 opening-   31, 109 protection film-   32, 111, 125 planarizing film-   33, 113 CF layer-   33R, 33Q 33B, 33 a, 113R, 113G 113B, 113 a CF-   34, 117 second substrate-   35, 115 sealing resin film-   51, 107 first member-   52 second member-   53 reflector-   105, 105 a pixel defining film-   119 reflector-   121 sealing material-   123 adhesive layer-   201 display surface-   401 smart phone (electronic apparatus)-   411 digital camera (electronic apparatus)-   431 HMD (electronic apparatus)

The invention claimed is:
 1. A display device, comprising: a pluralityof light emitting sections formed on a substrate; a plurality ofreflectors, each of the plurality of reflectors provided above one ofthe plurality of light emitting sections and positioned in at least apartial region of a display surface, lower surfaces of the plurality ofreflectors are reflecting part of emission light from the plurality oflight emitting sections, wherein the plurality of light emittingsections and the plurality of reflectors are arranged in a state inwhich centers of the plurality of reflectors are shifted from centers ofluminescence surfaces of the plurality of light emitting sections in aplane perpendicular to a stacking direction so that light emitted in adirection other than a first direction among the emission light from theplurality of light emitting sections is reflected; a plurality of colorfilters provided above the plurality of light emitting sections, theplurality of color filters corresponding to the plurality of lightemitting sections, wherein the plurality of light emitting sections andthe plurality of color filters are arranged so that relativemisalignment occurs between the centers of the luminescence surfaces ofthe plurality of light emitting sections and centers of the plurality ofcolor filters corresponding to the plurality of light emitting sectionsin the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction in at least theplurality of light emitting sections provided with the plurality ofreflectors; and a misalignment direction of the centers of the pluralityof reflectors with respect to the centers of the luminescence surfacesof the plurality of light emitting sections in the plane perpendicularto the stacking direction is a direction opposite to a misalignmentdirection of the centers of the plurality of color filters with respectto the centers of the luminescence surfaces of the plurality of lightemitting sections in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction,wherein the relative misalignment between a center of a luminescencesurface of a light emitting section of the plurality of light emittingsections and a center of a color filter of the plurality of colorfilters in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction is causedby areas of the plurality of color filters having a distribution in thedisplay surface, and wherein a plurality of regions are set in thedisplay surface and an area of the color filter positioned betweenadjacent regions of the plurality of regions is different from an areaof another color filter of the plurality of color filters, so that therelative misalignment is caused between the center of the luminescencesurface of the light emitting section and the center of the color filterin the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction, with an amount ofmisalignment different for each region of the plurality of regions. 2.The display device according to claim 1, wherein reflective surfaces ofthe plurality of reflectors have a recursive structure.
 3. The displaydevice according to claim 2, wherein the recursive structure has aconfiguration in which corner cube prisms are arranged.
 4. The displaydevice according to claim 1, further comprising: wherein the pluralityof reflectors are formed below the plurality of color filters.
 5. Thedisplay device according to claim 1, further comprising: a first memberprovided immediately above the light emitting section of the pluralityof light emitting sections to be positioned below a reflector of theplurality of reflectors and having a substantially truncated conical orpyramidal shape in which a sectional area in a direction in the planeperpendicular to the stacking direction gradually increases upward, thefirst member propagating the emission light from the light emittingsection; and a second member provided between adjacent light emittingsections of the plurality of light emitting sections, wherein arefractive index of the first member is larger than a refractive indexof the second member.
 6. The display device according to claim 1,wherein an amount of misalignment and a misalignment direction of acenter of a reflector of the plurality of reflectors with respect to thecenter of the luminescence surface of the light emitting section of theplurality of light emitting sections in the plane perpendicular to thestacking direction have a distribution in the display surface.
 7. Thedisplay device according to claim 1, wherein an amount of misalignmentof a center of a reflector of the plurality of reflectors with respectto the center of the luminescence surface of the light emitting sectionof the plurality of light emitting sections in the plane perpendicularto the stacking direction increases toward an outer edge of the displaysurface.
 8. The display device according to claim 1, wherein an amountof misalignment and a misalignment direction of a center of a reflectorof the plurality of reflectors with respect to the center of theluminescence surface of the light emitting section of the plurality oflight emitting sections in the plane perpendicular to the stackingdirection are set in accordance with a viewing angle required in a pixelconstituted by the light emitting section provided with the reflector.9. The display device according to claim 1, wherein a misalignmentdirection of a center of a reflector of the plurality of reflectors withrespect to the center of the luminescence surface of the light emittingsection of the plurality of light emitting sections in the planeperpendicular to the stacking direction is a direction opposite to adirection from a center of the display surface to a position at whichthe light emitting section provided with the reflector exists in thedisplay surface.
 10. The display device according to claim 1, wherein anamount of misalignment of the center of the color filter of theplurality of color filters with respect to the center of theluminescence surface of the light emitting section of the plurality oflight emitting sections in the plane perpendicular to the stackingdirection increases toward an outer edge of the display surface.
 11. Thedisplay device according to claim 1, wherein an amount of misalignmentof the center of the color filter of the plurality of color filters withrespect to the center of the luminescence surface of the light emittingsection of the plurality of light emitting sections in the planeperpendicular to the stacking direction and a misalignment direction ofthe center of the color filter with respect to the center of theluminescence surface of the light emitting section in the planeperpendicular to the stacking direction are set in accordance with aviewing angle required in a pixel constituted by the light emittingsection and the color filter in which the relative misalignment betweenthe center of the luminescence surface of the light emitting section andthe center of the color filter in the plane perpendicular to thestacking direction is caused.
 12. The display device according to claim1, wherein a misalignment direction of the center of the color filter ofthe plurality of color filters with respect to the center of theluminescence surface of the light emitting section of the plurality oflight emitting sections in the plane perpendicular to the stackingdirection is a direction from a center of the display surface to aposition at which the light emitting section and the color filter inwhich the relative misalignment between the center of the luminescencesurface of the light emitting section and the center of the color filterin the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction is caused to exist.13. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the light emittingsection of the plurality of light emitting sections is a light emittingelement including an organic light emitting diode, and the displaydevice is an organic EL display.
 14. A display device comprising: aplurality of light emitting sections formed on a substrate; a pluralityof reflectors, each of the plurality of reflectors provided above one ofthe plurality of light emitting sections and positioned in at least apartial region of a display surface, lower surfaces of the plurality ofreflectors are reflecting part of emission light from the plurality oflight emitting sections, wherein the plurality of light emittingsections and the plurality of reflectors are arranged in a state inwhich centers of the plurality of reflectors are shifted from centers ofluminescence surfaces of the plurality of light emitting sections in aplane perpendicular to a stacking direction so that light emitted in adirection other than a first direction among the emission light from theplurality of light emitting sections is reflected, a plurality of colorfilters provided above the plurality of light emitting sections, theplurality of color filters corresponding to the plurality of lightemitting sections, wherein the plurality of light emitting sections andthe plurality of color filters are arranged so that relativemisalignment occurs between the centers of the luminescence surfaces ofthe plurality of light emitting sections and centers of the plurality ofcolor filters corresponding to the plurality of light emitting sectionsin the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction in at least theplurality of light emitting sections provided with the plurality ofreflectors; and a misalignment direction of the centers of the pluralityof reflectors with respect to the centers of the luminescence surfacesof the plurality of light emitting sections in the plane perpendicularto the stacking direction is a direction opposite to a misalignmentdirection of the centers of the plurality of color filters with respectto the centers of the luminescence surfaces of the plurality of lightemitting sections in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction,wherein the relative misalignment between a center of a luminescencesurface of a light emitting section of the plurality of light emittingsections and a center of a color filter of the plurality of colorfilters in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction is causedby areas of the plurality of color filters having a distribution in thedisplay surface, and wherein the areas of the plurality of color filtersgradually change in the display surface, so that the relativemisalignment is caused between the center of the luminescence surface ofthe light emitting section and the center of the color filter in theplane perpendicular to the stacking direction.
 15. An electronicapparatus comprising the display device according to claim
 14. 16. Adisplay device comprising: a plurality of light emitting sections formedon a substrate; a plurality of reflectors, each of the plurality ofreflectors provided above one of the plurality of light emittingsections and positioned in at least a partial region of a displaysurface, lower surfaces of the plurality of reflectors are reflectingpart of emission light from the plurality of light emitting sections,wherein the plurality of light emitting sections and the plurality ofreflectors are arranged in a state in which centers of the plurality ofreflectors are shifted from centers of luminescence surfaces of theplurality of light emitting sections in a plane perpendicular to astacking direction so that light emitted in a direction other than afirst direction among the emission light from the plurality of lightemitting sections is reflected, a plurality of color filters providedabove the plurality of light emitting sections, the plurality of colorfilters corresponding to the plurality of light emitting sections,wherein the plurality of light emitting sections and the plurality ofcolor filters are arranged so that relative misalignment occurs betweenthe centers of the luminescence surfaces of the plurality of lightemitting sections and centers of the plurality of color filterscorresponding to the plurality of light emitting sections in the planeperpendicular to the stacking direction in at least the plurality oflight emitting sections provided with the plurality of reflectors; and amisalignment direction of the centers of the plurality of reflectorswith respect to the centers of the luminescence surfaces of theplurality of light emitting sections in the plane perpendicular to thestacking direction is a direction opposite to a misalignment directionof the centers of the plurality of color filters with respect to thecenters of the luminescence surfaces of the plurality of light emittingsections in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction, andwherein a pitch at which the plurality of light emitting sections arearranged on the substrate is different from the pitch in another regionin at least the partial region, so that the relative misalignment iscaused between a center of a luminescence surface of a light emittingsection of the plurality of light emitting sections and a center of acolor filter of the plurality of color filters in the planeperpendicular to the stacking direction.
 17. An electronic apparatuscomprising the display device according to claim
 16. 18. An electronicapparatus, comprising: a display device configured to perform display ona basis of an image signal, wherein the display device includes aplurality of light emitting sections formed on a substrate, and aplurality of reflectors, each of the plurality of reflectors providedabove one of the plurality of light emitting sections and positioned inat least a partial region of a display surface, lower surfaces of theplurality of reflectors are reflecting part of emission light from theplurality of light emitting sections, and wherein the plurality of lightemitting sections and the plurality of reflectors are arranged in astate in which centers of the plurality of reflectors are shifted fromcenters of luminescence surfaces of the plurality of light emittingsections in a plane perpendicular to a stacking direction so that lightemitted in a direction other than a first direction among the emissionlight from the plurality of light emitting sections is reflected; aplurality of color filters provided above the plurality of lightemitting sections, the plurality of color filters corresponding to theplurality of light emitting sections, wherein the plurality of lightemitting sections and the plurality of color filters are arranged sothat relative misalignment occurs between the centers of theluminescence surfaces of the plurality of light emitting sections andcenters of the plurality of color filters corresponding to the pluralityof light emitting sections in the plane perpendicular to the stackingdirection in at least the plurality of light emitting sections providedwith the plurality of reflectors; and a misalignment direction of thecenters of the plurality of reflectors with respect to the centers ofthe luminescence surfaces of the plurality of light emitting sections inthe plane perpendicular to the stacking direction is a directionopposite to a misalignment direction of the centers of the plurality ofcolor filters with respect to the centers of the luminescence surfacesof the plurality of light emitting sections in the plane perpendicularto the stacking direction, wherein the relative misalignment between acenter of a luminescence surface of a light emitting section of theplurality of light emitting sections and a center of a color filter ofthe plurality of color filters in the plane perpendicular to thestacking direction is caused by areas of the plurality of color filtershaving a distribution in the display surface, and wherein a plurality ofregions are set in the display surface and an area of the color filterpositioned between adjacent regions of the plurality of regions isdifferent from an area of another color filter of the plurality of colorfilters, so that the relative misalignment is caused between the centerof the luminescence surface of the light emitting section and the centerof the color filter in the plane perpendicular to the stackingdirection, with an amount of misalignment different for each region ofthe plurality of regions.